情绪调节中的认知重评创造力

Cognitive reappraisal inventiveness in emotion regulation

情绪调节能力是维护个体心理健康和生活幸福的基本能力。认知重评创造力是个体面对负性情境时能够自发产生多种认知重评策略的能力,是情绪调节任务中的创造性行为。研究表明,认知重评创造力与发散性思维和开放性正相关,与神经质、特质愤怒无关;创造性的认知重评策略或运用隐喻和类比的高水平认知重构更有利于负性情绪的调节;创造性的认知重评可以通过基于杏仁核的显著情绪唤醒,基于海马的新联想形成和基于纹状体的精神奖赏的中介来调节情绪,从而产生可以保存在长时记忆中的新颖的、积极的情绪体验。上述结果支持认知重评的创造性重构理论。认知重评创造过程需要自上而下的认知控制和情绪表征的特定执行功能。未来研究可以扩大被试群体,完善认知重评创造力的测量方法,探索影响认知重评创造力的情境因素和内在因素,以及进一步揭示认知重评创造力区别于传统创造力的特别加工或反应机制的神经机制。

Emotion regulation is essential to maintaining mental health and happiness.Cognitive reappraisal inventiveness is the ability to generate multiple reappraisals spontaneously when facing negative situations.It is a creative process in emotion regulation.Here,we review recent work on the cognitive reappraisal inventiveness.A large body of studies demonstrate that cognitive reappraisal inventiveness is positively correlated with divergent thinking and openness but not with neuroticism and trait anger.Creative cognitive reappraisal strategies or high-level cognitive reconstruction using metaphor and analogy are conducive to regulating negative emotions.The superor regulatory effect of creative cognitive reappraisal can be mediated by amygdala-based salient emotional arousal,formation of hippocampus-based new association,and striatum-based reward processing,leading to novel positive experiences that might be retained in long-term memory.These results are consistent with the creative reconstruction theory of cognitive reappraisal.The creative process of reappraisal requires top–down cognitive control and specific executive functioning of emotional representation.Future research should expand the subject group,improve the methods of measuring cognitive reappraisal inventiveness,explore situational and internal factors affecting cognitive reappraisal inventiveness,and further reveal how neural mechanisms of the special processing or reaction mechanisms of cognitive reappraisal inventiveness differ from traditional creativity.