“双轮驱动”视角下中国省域创新驱动力的测度、地区差异与动态演进

Measurement,Regional Difference and Dynamic Evolution of China’s Provincial Innovation Driving Force from the Perspective of“Two Wheel Drive”

在构建科技创新与制度创新能力“双轮驱动”下中国省域创新驱动力测度指标体系的基础上,利用“纵横向”拉开档次法编制2006—2018年省域创新驱动力指数,借助Dagum基尼系数、Kernel密度估计和空间Markov链方法考察中国创新驱动力的发展水平、地区差异及演进趋势。研究发现:无论从创新驱动力指数还是科技创新和制度创新分项指数看,中国创新驱动力建设自2006年以来取得了显著成效,但是,创新驱动力的空间非均衡性也十分明显,并显现出极化特征;创新驱动力的地区差异呈现“先扩大,后缩小”之势,地区间差异一直是总体差异的主要来源,并且在解释制度创新不平衡发展中的主导地位尤为凸显;省域创新水平呈现俱乐部趋同现象,邻域创新环境的优劣对其周边省份创新驱动力的移动具有异质性影响。相邻省份科技创新能力的适度差距更有利于空间溢出效应产生,但制度创新的空间溢出不存在“吸收能力门槛”。

Based on the construction of the index system of China’s provincial innovation driving force,including scientific and technological innovation and institutional innovation capacity under the“two-wheel drive”,the“vertical and horizontal”method is applied to compile the provincial innovation driving force index from 2006 to 2018,and methods including Dagum Gini coefficient,Kernel density estimation and spatial Markov chain analysis is employed to investigate the development level,regional disparity and its evolution trends of China’s innovation driving force.It’s found that,no matter from the perspective of the innovation driving force index or the sub-index of scientific and technological innovation and institutional innovation,China’s innovation driving force construction has achieved remarkable results since 2006.However,the disparity of provincial innovation driving force is very significant,and it shows a polarization phenomenon;The regional difference of innovation driving force in China shows a trend of“expanding first,then narrowing”.The disparities among regions are always the main source of overall disparity in innovation,and their dominant position in explaining the unbalanced development of regional institutional innovation is more prominent;China’s provincial innovation level presents a phenomenon of club convergence,and neighboring innovation environment has heterogeneous impacts on the evolution of innovation driving force.Moderate gaps in technological innovation capabilities of neighboring provinces are more conducive to the generation of spatial spillover effects,but there is no“absorptive capacity threshold”for the spatial spillover of institutional innovation.