基于排队论的智能快递柜格口定价策略

Pricing Strategy of Intelligent Express Delivery Cabinet Based on Queuing Theory

运用排队论方法,将智能快递柜的大、小格口服务系统抽象成M/M/n/n损失制排队系统,构建快递柜供应商的收益模型。通过数值实验,探寻供应商利润最大时的格口定价策略,并探讨相关参数对供应商利润和格口价格的影响。结果表明,在设置与服务区域快递需求数量相匹配的格口数量及一定的快递柜广告收益保障下,当前0.3~0.6元/次的格口价格可以适当降低,供应商没有必要或不应该向用户收取正常使用的费用,从而保证供应商、快递员使用快递柜的合理收益,提升使用快递柜的意愿。

Using the queuing theory method, the service system of large and small lockers of intelligent express cabinets were abstracted into a M/M/n/n loss queuing system respectively, and the income model of express cabinet supplier was constructed. Through the case numerical experiment, the pricing strategy of the lockers under the situation of the supplier’s profit maximization was explored and the influences of relevant parameters on the supplier’s maximum profit and the optimal price of the lockers were discussed. The results show that, if the lockers are reasonably set to match the express delivery requirements in a service area and a certain amount of express cabinet advertising revenue is guaranteed, the current locker price of 0.3 ~ 0.6 yuan/time can be appropriately reduced, and the users need not or should not pay the suppliers any fees for normal use of lockers, which can ensure reasonable profits for suppliers and couriers using express cabinets, and increase their willingness to use express cabinets.