我国产业技术研究院发展政策及优化研究

Research on Evolution and the Paths of Optimization of Policies of China’s Industrial Technology Research Institute

产业技术研究院是专注于科技成果转化和共性技术研发的研究机构。为了使科技成果更好地促进经济发展,推动产业调整和升级,我国于2006年开始逐步推行各类鼓励产业技术研究院建设的政策。在梳理产业技术研究院相关理论的基础上,归纳了我国中央政府和地方政府自2006年以来有关产业技术研究院的政策文件,总结出其政策变化情况及特点;对发展模式、面临的问题等进行剖析,并提出产业技术研究院相关政策应从提升机构数量转向加强高层次机构建设、完善绩效考核机制、构建整合和退出机制等建议。

Industrial Technology Research Institute(ITRI)is a specialized research institution focusing on the transformation of scientific achievements and development of common technologies,which plays an important role in promoting and driving the transformation of national and regional academic achievements,technological innovation and industrial development.With the aim of promoting economic development and restructuring and upgrading of industry,China has started to gradually formulate and implement various policies to encourage the construction of ITRI since 2006.Basically the authors divide these policies into such four stages as foundation,start,development and maturity.The aim of this paper is to review and sort out the policies of China’s ITRI building and development,explore the key points and existing problems of the policies of ITRI at each stage,finally put forward some targeted implications and suggestions for the government to adjust the direction of ITRI policies,improve and optimize ITRI policies,and promote better development of ITRI.On the basis of summarizing the domestic and foreign research achievements in this field,the authors construct the research theoretical framework of ITRI policies from the perspectives of generic technology theory,innovation system theory,technology transfer theory and industryuniversity-research cooperation theory.Using content analysis and text analysis methods,the authors compare the central and local government policy documents on scientific research achievements transformation since 1978 and policies on ITRI since 2006 and point out the policy changes and characteristics,from the perspective of release time,release institution and main content of the policies.The authors conclude that the ITRI policies at both the central government level and the local government level have experienced a gradual developing process and have become more and more mature.In the past more than ten years,the government paid more and more attention to the development of ITRI and made more and more detailed policies to promote its development at the same time enriched the policy instruments to a deep extent.In addition,this paper provides an analysis of the development model and problems faced,which include that the government puts more emphasis on the quantity of ITRI than quality;it lacks a decent coordination mechanism among different departments of the government as to the development of ITRIs;and that there are no enough supporting policies to help ITRIs integrate and use innovation resources for different departments such as universities,research institutes and enterprises.In the end,this paper proposes that the policy of ITRI should gradually shift from enhancing the number to strengthening the construction of high-level institutions,improving performance assessment,and building integration and withdrawal mechanisms.The opinions and suggestions of this paper will do well for both the government and the ITRIs to optimize the policies and the operating modes to improve their performance,and furthermore promote the development of the national and regional industry and economy.