论王维五绝“愈小而大”之妙——以王世贞《艺苑卮言》为中心

Discussion on the Wonder of WANG Wei’s Five-Character Quatrains: "the Simpler, the Richer" :Centered on WANG Shizhen’s Yi Yuan Zhi Yan

王维五绝被尊为"盛唐正宗"与"盛唐绝唱",其五绝在法度上追求字法、句法与篇法的精妙,在声色上追求"有声有色"之境,不仅展现出"法极无迹"的自然之美,而且还使短小的诗歌蕴含丰富的情感内容与包罗多彩的大千世界,发挥极大的诗歌功能。王世贞于《艺苑卮言》中指出五言绝句颇具"愈小而大"之妙,而王维五绝恰是彰显五绝"愈小而大"之妙的典范。

WANG Wei’s five-character quatrains were respected as "the orthodox" and "the peak" in the heyday of Tang Dynasty. WANG Wei pursued two kinds of artistic realms of poetry: the subtle statutes of words,sentences and structure;"sound and color". Therefore, his five-character quatrains not only show the natural beauty of "no trace of method", but also contain rich emotional content as well as colorful world, thus playing a great role in poetry. In Yi Yuan Zhi Yan, WANG Shizhen said that the five-character quatrains should be characterized by "the simpler, the richer". And WANG Wei’s five-character quatrain is a good example of it.