冬季游泳运动对心血管系统保护机制的作用

The protective mechanism of winter swimming for the cardiovascular system

冬季冰雪运动与心血管系统的益处尚不明确。通过对37名长年进行冬季游泳运动(CWS)的非职业运动员与对照健康者进行统计分析,记录一般情况,测定身体成分及血脂的实验室检查,比较2组发现,同型半胱氨酸和ApoB/ApoA-1比值有显著差异,在CWS组中呈降低趋势;CWS组的体重指数(BMI)和体脂率(BF%)较对照组明显升高,呈超重趋势。在CWS组中,依据性别分为亚组分析,发现女性受试者的高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平较男性升高、ApoB/ApoA-1比值与同型半胱氨酸水平均低于男性受试者。女性受试者虽然BMI正常,但BF%明显高于男性;与之相反的是内脏脂肪组织水平(VATL)与肌肉质量(MM)均明显低于男性受试者。长期冷适应导致抗氧化能力的增加,更能抵抗动脉粥样硬化,降低心血管风险。

The benefits of winter sports on the cardiovascular system are still to be confirmed by researches.Through the statistical analysis of 37 nonprofessional athletes who have been engaged in winter swimming(CWS)for many years,along with the healthy controls,the general situation is recorded,as well as the laboratory examination of the body composition and the blood lipid.It is found that there are significant differences in homocysteine and ApoB/Apoa-1 ratio between the two groups,which show a downward trend in the CWS group;BMI index and BF%(body fat rate)in CWS group are significantly higher than those in the control group,showing a trend of overweight.The CWS group is divided into subgroups according to gender.It is found that the HDL level of female subjects is higher than that of men,and the ApoB/Apoa-1 ratio and the homocysteine level are lower than those of male subjects.Although the BMI index of female subjects is normal,the BF%is significantly higher than that of male subjects;In contrast,VATL(visceral adipose tissue level)and mm(muscle mass)are significantly lower than those in male subjects.Long term cold adaptation leads to the increase of the antioxidant capacity,better resistance to atherosclerosis,with reduced cardiovascular risk.