西方古代翻译理论及其对现代藏族翻译学建设的启示

The Features of Ancient Western Translation Theories and Their Enlightenment to the Construction of Modern Tibetan Translation Studies

从现代藏族翻译现状来看,翻译工作虽然取得了不俗的成绩,但相较于其他民族翻译理论特别是比起西方古代翻译理论,发现藏族翻译学建设目前还存在诸多短板。西方世界先后涌现出许多翻译从业者,他们积累了丰富的实践经验,并从中探寻出优秀的翻译策略,提出许多新的观念,形成了独特的翻译理论,这些理论促成了世界上许多国家和民族翻译理论的形成。藏族的翻译实践始于一千多年前,并对当时的社会、文化与经济发展起到了积极的作用。从翻译史学比较法的视角对两者进行比较,不难发现藏族翻译理论仍有许多不足之处。就现代藏族翻译界来说,用翻译史学比较法的视角进行比较者尚为少数。鉴于此,文章对西方翻译理论和藏族翻译理论进行详细比对,以此阐释西方翻译理论和藏族翻译理论之间的差异,从而详细地阐述了现代藏族翻译界要参照西方古代翻译理论,从事科技经济等内容的翻译;探寻各种翻译方法和翻译策略;不同文体采用不同的翻译方法;翻译工作者要形成自己的译风;创建起各种译场等观点。这种比较对完善我国翻译理论,形成具有中国特色的翻译学理论体系有着较为重要的学术意义。

As far as the status quo of modern Tibetan translation is concerned,the development of translation activities and translation teaching has an optimistic side.However,compared with the translation theories of other nationalities and especially compared with the ancient western translation theories,we can clearly find the shortcomings of the construction of Tibetan translation studies.Many translation practitioners have emerged in the Western world,accumulated rich practical experience,explored excellent translation strategies,put forward many new concepts,and formed distinctive translation theories.These theories have profoundly influenced the formation of translation theories in many countries and nations in the world.The Tibetan translation practice was also initiated at least a thousand years ago and played a certain role in the social,cultural and economic development of the Tibetans at that time.However,comparing the two from the perspective of the comparative method of translation historiography,Tibetan translation theory has many shortcomings.As far as the modern Tibetan translation community is concerned,there are still a small number of people who use the comparative perspective of translation historiography to compare.For this reason,I compare Western translation theories with Tibetan translation theories in order to explain the difference between Western translation theories and Tibetan translation theories.The difference,which elaborated the author’s point of view in detail.This comparison has important academic significance for perfecting my country’s translation theory and forming a translation theory system with Chinese characteristics.