远程居家运动训练对新型冠状病毒肺炎出院患者运动功能的影响

Effectiveness of a remote home-based exercise training program on exercise capacity for COVID-19 survivors

目的:观察远程居家运动训练对新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)出院患者运动耐力和下肢肌肉力量的影响。方法:选取新冠患者120例,随机分为对照组(n=61)和试验组(n=59)。对照组给予日常宣教,试验组使用运动康复软件进行远程居家运动训练。在治疗前、6周治疗后和24周随访评估6min步行距离(6MWD)和下肢肌肉力量(ST)。结果:试验组在治疗后和随访时的6MWD均较治疗前显著改善且优于对照组(P<0.05);≤40岁组和40—60岁组、无共病组、女性组在治疗后、随访均较对照组显著改善(P<0.05);>60岁组、有共病组、男性组仅在治疗后明显优于对照组(P<0.05);试验组在治疗后的ST较治疗前显著改善且明显优于对照组(P<0.05);≤40岁组和40—60岁组在治疗后均较对照组显著改善(P<0.05);女性组在治疗后、随访较对照组显著改善(P<0.05)。结论:远程居家运动训练可改善COVID-19出院患者的运动能力,且年轻者、无共病者、女性改善较明显。

Objective: To investigate the effects of a remote home-based exercise training program on exercise capacity and lower limb muscle strength in patients with COVID-19 discharged from hospital.Method: 120 COVID-19 survivors were randomized with 61 allocated to control and 59 to intervention group.The control group was given daily education instructions, and the intervention group was given remote homebased exercise training using exercise rehabilitation software. Six-minute walking distance(6 MWD) and lower extremity muscle strength(ST) were assessed before treatment, after 6 weeks of treatment, and at 24 weeks of follow-up.Result: The 6 MWD of the intervention group was significantly improved and better than that of the control group after treatment and at follow-up(P<0.05), but no significant improvement was found in control group.The 6 MWD of the ≤40 years and 40—60 years age groups, the group without co-morbidity, and the female group were significantly better than that of control group after treatment and at follow-up(P<0.05);However,the 6 MWD in >60 years age group, the group with co-morbidity, and the male group were significantly better than the control group only after treatment(P<0.05);the ST in the intervention group was significantly improved and better than the control group after treatment(P<0.05);both the ≤40 years group and the 40—60 years age group were significantly better than the control group after treatment(P<0.05);the female group was significantly better than the control group after treatment and at follow-up(P<0.05).Conclusion: This remote home-based exercise training program improves exercise capacity in patients discharged from COVID-19, and the improvement is more significant in younger, comorbidity-free, and female patients.