“夷夏之防”与“华夷一体”:中华民族共同体视域下丘濬民族思想蠡测——以《大学衍义补》为中心的考察分析

“Defense of Yi Xia”and“Integration of China and Yi”:An Estimation of Ethnic Thoughts of Qiu Jun from the Perspective of Chinese National Community:An Investigation and Analysis Based on Daxue Yanyi Bu

丘濬为明代鸿儒之一,乃理学之名臣。《大学衍义补》为其毕生著述中最倾心之作。“内夏外夷”与“防夷乱夏”构成了丘濬“夷夏之辨”的限阈格局与核心观点。其民族治理政策突出表现为以“民族自治”为主的德化慎远之策和以“怀柔招抚”为主的朝贡体系建构。“和守兼备”“安危并济”式的“御夷”原则加之“屯戍息民”与“攻伐七策论”共同形成丘濬对待“四夷”民族的安边之法。丘濬的民族思想具有“夷夏之防”与“华夷一体”的两大鲜明特征。

Qiujun was one of the scholars in Ming Dynasty and was a famous minister of Neo-Confucianism.His book Daxue Yanyi Bu is one of the most impressive works of his life.“Internal Xia and external Yi”and“preventing Yi and disordering Xia”constitute the threshold pattern and core view of Qiu Jun’s“differentiation between Yi and Xia”.Its national governance policy is mainly manifested in the policy and cautious distance based on“national autonomy”.And the construction of tributary system based on“Huairou and appeasement”.The principle of“defending the barbarians”with the combination of“peace and defense”and“safety and danger”,together with the“Garrison and rest the people”and the“seven strategies of attacks”jointly formed Qiu Jun’s method of securing the border with the“four barbarians”nation.Qiu Jun’s national thought has two distinct characteristics of“the prevention of Yi Xia”and“the integration of China and Yi”.