竞争政策强化及产业政策转型影响市场效率的机理研究——兼论有效市场与有为政府

Impacts of Strengthening Competition Policy and Industrial Policy Transformation on Market Efficiency——The Analysis of the Efficient Market and Effective Government

中国特色社会主义市场经济建设需要有效市场和有为政府更好结合,其中的一个重要途径是强化竞争政策基础地位,推进产业政策从选择性向普惠化、功能性转型。竞争政策强化与产业政策转型具有内在关联性,二者相互配合,共同促进有效市场形成。本文构建了基于竞争成功函数和共容利益假设的政企互动模型,研究发现:竞争政策和功能性产业政策有利于提升市场竞争效率,而选择性产业政策会降低市场竞争效率;功能性产业政策在一定程度上能起到弥补市场失灵的作用,体现了有为政府的积极作用。进一步考虑非对称市场竞争时发现,竞争政策可以同时兼顾提升市场竞争效率和分配效率两项目标,而选择性产业政策在两项目标上相互掣肘、由此强化竞争政策的优势凸显。本文理论模型的结论表明,有为政府应强化竞争政策基础地位,为产业政策转型创造良好的市场环境,加快选择性产业政策向功能性产业政策转型,放宽市场准入,持续推行公平竞争审查制度,维护和促进有效市场。良好的经济运行秩序需要有效市场减轻政府管控压力、有为政府简政放权营造良好市场环境,实现有效市场和有为政府更好结合。

The construction of a socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics needs a better combination of an efficient market and effective government.One important way to achieve this is to strengthen the basic position of competition policy and to promote the transformation of selective industrial policies into inclusive and functional industrial policies.The strengthening of competition policy and the transformation of industrial policy are intrinsically related:they cooperate with each other and jointly promote the formation of an efficient market.This paper constructs a government-firm interaction model based on the contest success function and the assumption of encompassing interests.It finds that competition policy and functional industrial policy help to promote the efficiency of market competition,while selective industrial policy reduces the efficiency of market competition.Functional industrial policy can make up for market failure to some extent,reflecting the positive role of an“effective government”.Under asymmetric market competition,competition policy can balance the efficiency of market competition with the efficiency of distribution,while selective industrial policy cannot balance these two kinds of efficiency.This highlights the advantages of strengthening competition policy.The theoretical model shows that the government should strengthen competition policy,transform selective industrial policy into functional industrial policy,relax market access;carry out a fair competition review system,and maintain and promote an efficient market.An efficient market will reduce the pressure on government control,create a favorable market environment for the government to streamline administration and delegate power,and achieve the better combination of an efficient market and an effective government.