思想实验、论证及形式整编

Thought Experiment(ation),Argument,and Formal Regimentation

当代哲学对思想实验提出一系列重要且困难的问题,比如认识力问题和规范力问题。另一方面,通过揭示思想实验的论证结构,从逻辑上给出对思想实验的证成,消除相关的神秘主义和怀疑主义倾向,往往被看作理性主义广泛目标的一部分。以此为背景,论文就以下三个相关问题展开讨论:第一,思想实验与论证之间有怎样的关联;第二,怎样借助这种关联对思想实验进行形式整编;第三,思想实验的形式整编在多大程度上有助于解决思想实验的哲学问题和达成理性主义目标。

Contemporary Philosophy puts forward a series of important and difficult problems to thought experiments,such as the problems of epistemic power and normative power.On the other hand,the logical justification of thought experiments by revealing the structure of their arguments,and the elimination of related mysticism and skepticism,is often regarded as part of broader goals of rationalism.Against this background,this paper discusses the following three interrelated issues:first,what is the relationship between thought experiment and argument;second,how to use this relationship to regiment thought experiments;third,to what extent formal regimentation contributes to solving the philosophical problems of thought experiment and achieving the goals of rationalism.