添加酸马奶源乳酸杆菌对犊牛肠道菌群和短链脂肪酸含量的影响

Effect of adding Lactobacillus from sour mare milk on intestinal flora and short chain fatty acid content of calves

选取刚出生的健康荷斯坦犊牛20头,随机分为酸马奶组、正常组、腹泻组和抗生素组,每组5头。除正常组外,其他3组在相同哺乳的基础上均口服100 mL致病性E.coli O1菌悬液(2.5×10;CFU/mL)建立腹泻模型,抗生素组添加环丙沙星0.5 mg/kg,试验期15 d。结果表明:酸马奶组犊牛肠道微生物丰富度与多样性显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。酸马奶源乳酸杆菌干预后显著提高了肠道内厚壁菌门、普雷沃氏菌科、毛螺菌科未确定菌属和拟普雷沃菌属的相对丰度,降低了拟杆菌门、变形菌门、梭杆菌门、放线菌门的相对丰度;酸马奶组犊牛粪便中乙酸、丙酸和丁酸含量显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。由此可见,犊牛日粮中添加酸马奶源乳酸杆菌可显著提高肠道微生物多样性,增加肠道中有益菌的丰度,降低有害菌的丰度,并显著提高其粪便中乙酸、丙酸和丁酸的含量。

In this study, 20 newborn healthy Holstein calves were selected and randomly divided into sour mare milk group, normal group, diarrhea group and antibiotic group, 5 heads in each group.Except the normal group, the other three groups were required to take 100 mL of pathogenic E.coli O1 bacterial suspension(2.5×10;CFU/mL) orally on the basis of the same breastfeeding to establish a diarrhea model, and ciprofloxacin was added in the antibiotic group at 0.5 mg/kg.The test period was 15 d.The results showed that: the abundance and diversity of intestinal microbes in the sour mare milk group were significantly higher than those in the other three groups(P<0.05).After the intervention of Lactobacillus from sour mare milk, the relative abundance of the undetermined genera of Physalomycota,Prevost’s family, Trichinella and Prevost-like bacteria in the intestinal tract were significantly increased, while the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Proteobacteria, Fusobacterium and Actinomycetes were decreased.The content of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in the feces of calves in sour mare milk group were significantly higher than those in other three groups(P<0.05).It can be seen that the addition of Lactobacillus derived from sour mare milk to calf diets can significantly increase the diversity of intestinal microbes, increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the intestines, reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria, and significantly increase the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in their feces.