图式理论在国际中文教育阅读教学中的应用

Application of Schema Theory into the Reading Teaching of TCFL

当下“汉语热”盛行,外国赴华留学生人数逐年增加,国际中文教育的形式与内容需要与时俱进。语言文字教学从大致上可以划分为听、说、读、写、翻译五个方面,阅读作为其中之一,对学习者的语言技能培养和提高必不可少。传统的阅读教学把语言知识视作重心,以老师为中心,学生被动接收知识,长远来看,对学生的语言习得不利。通过引入心理学范畴的图式理论,从内容图式、形式图式和语言图式三方面提出针对留学生的阅读教学方法改进策略,指出国际中文教师应不断创新和改进教学模式,利用所有有利的资源来达到国际中文教育教学目标和提升留学生的汉语使用能力。

Nowadays,the“Mandarin heat wave”is popular around the world.More and more foreign students come to China to get educated.Under this circumstance,the forms and contents of TCFL(Teaching Chinese as A Foreign Language)needs improving.As any language teaching,TCFL includes five aspects:listening,speaking,reading,writing,and translation.Reading,as one of the chains,is crucial for learners to improve their language competence and skills.Traditional reading teaching focuses on language knowledge and put teachers at the center of teaching,leading to the result that students passively receive knowledge.In the long run,this has little effect on students’language acquisition.Introducing the Schema Theory of Psychology to TCFL is a good way to put forward the teaching method improvement strategies for foreign students from three aspects:content schema,formal schema and linguistic schema.Teachers should continuously improve their teaching methods and use all beneficial resources to achieve their teaching goals and improve students’ability of language use.