辐射冷却材料的研究进展及应用

Applications and recent development of radiative cooling materials

辐射冷却是近来日益得到关注的被动冷却形式,它以外太空为冷源,无需额外消耗能量,在建筑冷却、太阳能电池降温、舒适衣物与可穿戴设备等诸多方面都有着良好的应用前景。本文对辐射冷却的发展历史与冷却原理做了简单回顾,对辐射冷却材料的种类和优缺点进行了系统介绍,并对辐射冷却材料的设计、制备、表征方法进行归纳总结,最后对相关应用领域进行概述,并对今后辐射冷却材料与技术的发展趋势进行展望。

Radiative cooling has been a hotspot for scientific research recently.As a passive cooling method,it uses outer space as heat sink,and has the advantage of low or even zero energy consumption.It has high potential in many applications such as building air conditioning,solar cell cooling,comfortable clothing,etc.This paper briefly reviews the development history and principles of radiative cooling,systematically introduces the structures and materials of radiative cooling,summarizes the design,preparation and characterization methods of radiative cooling materials,and also summarizes relevant application fields.The future of radiative cooling materials and technology is proposed at the end of this paper.