无人机可见光遥感在普洱市森林资源监测中的应用

Application of UAV Visible Light Remote Sensing in Forest Resources Monitoring in Pu′er City

选取部分云南省普洱市2018年森林监测变化图斑,以华测P316组合翼无人机进行拍摄。对拍摄的照片数据利用Pix4Dmapper软件进行处理和三维重建,最终输出数据DOM、DEM、DSM和点云成果数据。利用ArcMap和Lidar360软件分别对栅格和点云成果数据进行处理和分析,研究其在森林资源监测中的应用。内容包括森林增量郁闭度计算,森林减量是否符合用地和采伐范围,立地因子中地貌、坡度、坡向的获取,林分因子中株数、树高、冠幅的获取以及测区的3D展示等。结果表明,无人机影像分辨率可达到肉眼近地观测精度,可采集部分立地因子和林分因子数据在替代人工现地调查中提高了调查工作效率。目前尚存在无人机续航时间不足,不适宜于大面积普查,且野外调查成本较高等问题。下一步需对其应用于森林蓄积量估算、获取测区多光谱信息,评估测区植被生长状态及森林健康状况监测等方面进一步研究。

Some forest monitoring spots in 2018 in Pu′er City of Yunnan Province were selected and filmed with the combined wing UAV of CTI P316.Pix4Dmapper software was used for processing and 3D reconstruction of the photo data taken,and finally output DOM,DEM,DSM and point cloud results data.ArcMap and Lidar 360 software were used to process and analyze the raster and point cloud data respectively,and the application in forest resource monitoring was studied,including the calculation of forest increment canopy density,the forest reduction in line with land use and cutting scope,the extraction of landform,slope and aspect in site factors,the acquisition of tree number,tree height and canopy width and 3D display of survey area.The results showed that the image resolution of UAV could reach the accuracy of naked eye near site observation,and could collect some site factor and stand factor data,which improved the investigation efficiency in replacing manual in-situ investigation.The UAV had the problems of insufficient endurance time,unsuitable for large-scale census,and high field survey cost at present.The next step was to further study the application of UAV in estimating forest volume,obtaining multispectral information,evaluating vegetation growth status and monitoring forest health in the survey area.