高等教育普及化时期博士生培养模式改革的思考

Reflection on the Reform of Doctoral Training Mode in the Period of Universalization of Higher Education

高质量博士生培养是高等教育普及化时期的重要发展任务"。十四五"规划开局与高等教育普及化起始的交汇,促使我国高等教育进入必须选择高质量发展的新时期,也赋予博士生培养质量提升以重要战略意义。基于对"高等教育普及化"的理性认识,现阶段我国博士生培养存在如培养目标模糊、标准偏低、缺乏对知识创新和问题解决能力的要求;招生方式缺乏灵活性;培养过程中知识结构固守传统、课程设置不合理、培养制度刻板;高水平导师不足及对博士生培养精力投入不够等问题。借鉴世界顶尖大学博士生培养经验,我国博士生培养模式改革应着力树立高质量培养目标、优化招生制度、构建科学合理的培养过程、强化优质导师队伍建设。

High-quality doctoral training is an important task of development in the period of universalization of higher education. The intersection of the beginning of the 14 th Five-Year Plan and the universalization of higher education pushes higher education into a high-quality development period in China, giving important strategic significance to the improvement of the doctoral training quality. Based on the rational cognition of the period of universalization of higher education, there are some problems in doctoral training, such as vague and low-standard training objectives, lacking of requirements for knowledge innovation and problem-solving ability, the inflexibility of doctoral admission, and such as the conservative knowledge structure, unreasonable curriculum, rigid training system, lacking of high-level tutors, insufficient attention to doctoral students in the training process. Drawing on the doctoral training experience of the world’s top universities, the reform of doctoral training mode in China should focus on setting up high-quality training objectives, optimizing the enrollment system, constructing a scientific and reasonable training process, and strengthening the construction of the team of high-quality tutors.