粤港澳大湾区高等教育集群效应研究——基于空间计量分析和面板随机前沿模型的经验证据

The Cluster Effect of Higher Education in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Great Bay Area: Based on Empirical Evidence of Spatial Econometric Analysis and Panel Stochastic Frontier Model

基于粤港澳大湾区高等教育集群成为中国高等教育发展的新增长极的事实,收集了2015—2020年大湾区内47所院校的校际面板数据,通过空间计量分析检验大湾区高等教育集群效应,采用面板随机前沿模型估计大湾区高等教育集群效应对高校的学术活力与科研创新水平产生的影响。研究发现,大湾区高等教育集群效应通过域内院校学术活力与科研创新水平的空间聚集产生扩散作用,且在局部区域上具有空间异质性特征,分别呈现出"强强联合""带动帮扶""孤立无援"的梯度格局;这种集群效应对域内的院校学术活力与科研创新水平的提高产生了积极影响。展望未来,大湾区高等教育集群发展应强化优质高等教育空间布局。

Based on the fact that cluster effects of universities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Great Bay Area(GHMGBA) has become a new growth polarity of higher education in China, we collected a panel data from2015 to 2020 to verify this effect through spatial econometric analysis and to estimate its impact on the academic dynamic and scientific research innovation through Stochastic Frontier Approach model. The study found that the GHMGBA already has a significant cluster effect, which has diffusion effect and positive improvement through the spatial aggregation of academic dynamic and scientific research innovation, and has spatial heterogeneity in local areas presenting a gradient pattern of“alliance between the tops”,“supporting among the middles”and“isolation within the bottoms”respectively. In the future, the development of higher education clusters in the Great Bay Area should strengthen the high-quality spatial distribution.