短链脂肪酸减轻脏器缺血-再灌注损伤的研究进展

Research progress of short-chain fatty acids in alleviating organ ischemia-reperfusion injury

短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)是膳食纤维在肠道厌氧发酵过程中产生的不超过6个碳原子的有机酸,其能够调节肠道菌群,进而修复肠黏膜屏障,减轻肠道损伤。缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)是各类疾病发生的主要原因,涉及的病理机制错综复杂,炎症、氧化应激、细胞凋亡及自噬等最常见。从目前研究来看,SCFAs可以通过调控不同的细胞信号转导影响各器官IRI的发生、发展。本文对SCFAs减轻各脏器缺血再灌注损伤的作用及机制做了初步总结,为临床预防和治疗IRI提供理论参考。

Short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)are organic acids with no more than 6 carbon atoms produced during the anaerobic fermentation of dietary fiber in the intestinal tract,which can regulate intestinal flora,repair intestinal mucosal barrier,and reduce intestinal injury.Ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)is the main cause of various diseases,and the pathological mechanisms involved are intricate,among which inflammation,oxidative stress,apoptosis and autophagy are the most common.According to current studies,SCFAs can affect the occurrence and development of IRI in various organs by regulating different cell signal transduction.In this paper,the role and mechanism of SCFAs in alleviating tissue and organ ischemia-reperfusion injury were preliminarily summarized,providing theoretical reference for clinical prevention and treatment of IRI.