多重制度逻辑下高校教师人事场域的改革变迁

University Faculty Personnel Field Under Multi⁃Institutional Logics:Evolution and Reform

在多重制度逻辑的理论框架下,通过对我国高校教师人事制度的演进及其当前改革实践进行分析发现,从新中国成立初期的教师任命制,到改革开放后的教师职务聘任制,再到进入21世纪的高校教师岗位聘用制,我国高校教师人事制度场域中的国家逻辑影响逐步减弱,大学管理逻辑稳步增强,市场逻辑悄然渗透,学术逻辑得到重视。在高层次人才引进、岗位分类改革和“准聘-长聘制”改革等高校人事制度改革的三种主要形态中,不同类型的制度逻辑发挥了不同程度的作用。国家和大学在建设世界一流大学的共同目标下相互协作,大力引进高层次人才。同时,国家通过“放管服”改革,提供政策支持和资源保障,鼓励大学自主探索聘任制改革与岗位分类改革。在绩效、竞争等市场理念的影响下,合同聘用、“非升即走”和聘期考核等规则被广泛采用。通过校内各级学术委员会和同行评议制度,学术逻辑持续发挥作用。未来,我国高校须在兼顾竞争与保障、效率与公平等因素的基础上,平衡绩效竞争与教师职业安全,转向以学术逻辑为主导、其他制度逻辑良性竞争的教师人事制度改革。

Under the theoretical framework of multi⁃institutional logics,through analyzing the evolution and current reform practices of China’s university personnel system,it is found that from the teacher identity appointment system in the early days of the PRC,to the faculty position appointment system after the reform and opening up,and to the faculty tenure track system in the 21st century,the influence of state logic in China’s university faculty personnel system is gradually weakened,the university management logic is steadily strengthened,the market logic gradually gets in,and the academic logic is given weight.In the three main forms of personnel system reform in universities,i.e.,the introduction of high⁃level talents,the reform of job classification and the reform of“tenure track system,”different types of institutional logic have played different roles.Under the common goal of building world⁃class universities,the state and universities cooperate with each other and vigorously bring in high⁃level talents.At the same time,through the reform to“streamline administration,delegate power,strengthen regulation and improve services,”the state provides policy support and resource guarantee,and encourages universities to explore independently the employment system reform and job classification reform.Under the influence of market concepts such as performance and competition,rules such as contract employment,“either promotion or departure”and employment period assessment are widely used.Through academic committees at all levels in the universities and peer review system,academic logic continues to play its role.In the future,universities in China should balance performance competition and teachers’occupational safety,giving equal attention to such factors as competition and guarantee,efficiency and fairness,and reform teachers’personnel system with academic logic as the leading factor and under benign competition of other institutional logics.