沂蒙丘陵生态区蜜甜焦香烤烟外观特征及与烟叶品质的关系

Appearance Characteristics of Honey-Sweetness and Burnt Flavor Type Flue-cured Tobacco of Yimeng Hilly Ecological Areas and Their Relationships with Tobacco Leaf Quality

为明确沂蒙丘陵生态区蜜甜焦香型特色烟叶的外观识别特征,对取自山东潍坊、日照、临沂等3个烤烟主产地的C2F样品的外观区域特征和外观品质特征进行了评价,与我国其他香型区烟叶进行了比较,并分析了其与常规化学成分及感官质量的关系。结果表明,该区烟叶外观特征为:底色白略偏灰,厚度多为中等,蜡质感弱-中,叶片稍脆硬,叶面叶背色差为小-中,叶尖叶基身份差多为小,光泽亮偏暗,叶面组织较细腻偏粗糙,颜色橘黄,成熟为主,结构尚疏松-疏松,身份多为中等,油分有-,色度中。与其他香型区烟叶相比,底色、柔韧性、叶面组织和光泽为该区烟叶的主要识别指标。相关及逐步回归分析表明,烟叶厚度越厚,则钾、氮碱比、钾氯比及糖碱比越低,烟碱和氯越高,烟叶蜜甜香韵、青香香韵及蜜甜焦香型越明显,香气状态越悬浮,浓度越大,而木香香韵、焦甜香韵及焦香香韵越弱;叶面组织越粗糙,则香气质越好,香气量越足,烟气越细腻柔和。可见,底色白略偏灰、质地稍脆、组织较细腻偏粗糙、光泽亮偏暗为识别该区特色烟叶的主要外观特征,厚度为影响该区烟叶化学成分和感官风格的关键指标,叶面组织为影响烟叶感官品质的关键指标。

To clarify the appearance identification characteristics of distinctive tobacco leaves of the Yimeng hilly ecological area with honey sweetness and burnt flavor type,the appearance regional characteristics and appearance quality characteristics of C2 F tobacco leaf samples from 3 main planting areas(Weifang,Rizhao and Linyi in Shandong)were evaluated,compared with other flavor areas in China,and their relationships with routine chemical components and sensory quality were analyzed.The results showed that the appearance characteristics of tobacco leaves in the area were as follows:white to slightly grey background color,mainly moderate thickness,weak to moderate wax texture,relatively brittle-hard leaves,minor to moderate leaf color difference between front and back,mainly minor leaf body difference between tip and base,bright to slightly dark luster,relatively smooth to slightly rough tissue,orange color,mainly ripe,firm to open structure,mainly moderate body,oily-oil,and moderate color intensity.Compared with other flavor areas,background color,flexibility,leaf surface tissue and luster were the main identification indexes of tobacco leaves in the area.Correlation and gradual regression analyses showed that the thicker the thickness,the lower the values of potassium content,total nitrogen/nicotine,potassium/chlorine,and sugar/nicotine,the higher the contents of nicotine and chlorine,the more obvious the honeysweetness,green scents and honey-sweetness and burnt flavor type,the more overflow with smoothness the aroma,the higher the concentration,but the weaker the woody,burnt-sweetness and burnt scents;the rougher the leaf surface tissue,the better the aroma quality,the more abundant the aroma and the more delicate and softer the smoke.In conclusion,white to slightly grey background color,relatively brittle-hard leaves,relatively smooth to slightly rough tissue,and bright to slightly dark luster were the main appearance identification characteristics of tobacco leaves in the area.Thickness was the key index to influence the chemical composition and sensory style of tobacco leaves in the area.Leaf surface tissue was the key index to influence the sensory quality of tobacco leaves.