大连地区男护士执业现状及发展方向的研究

Research on the current situation and development direction of male nurses in Dalian

目的了解大连地区男护士执业现状,探讨其未来的发展方向。方法2020年8—9月采用方便抽样的方法选择大连市29所医院从事临床护理工作1年以上的男护士200人,对其进行问卷调查。使用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计分析,采用率或构成比描述计数资料,采用Logistic回归分析影响男护士转行意愿的重要因素。结果最终回收189份有效问卷,30岁以下137人占72.5%,高学历、低职称主要集中在公有制三级甲等或三级乙等医院的ICU、手术室、急诊,月收入3000~8000元。33人占17.5%因被调剂无法转行而选择护理专业,对护理专业的喜爱偏低;135人占71.4%认为工作压力大;70人占37.0%有转行的想法。主要影响因素是"护理工作与个人兴趣不符""不喜欢女上司的指挥""收入太少"。执业中突出的问题是"性别上的不便"和"自我定位的困惑"。结论医疗机构要从多方面入手,提高男护士收入,减轻工作压力,建立磁性医院,为他们建立职业生涯规划,扩充男护士队伍。男护士自身要主动提高业务能力,提高职称,为实现护理管理者、教育者、研究者等职业目标提供必要条件。

Objective To understand the current situation of male nurses in Dalian area and explore its future development direction.Methods From August to September in 2020,189 male nurses who had been engaged in clinical nursing for more than one year in 29 hospitals in Dalian were selected by convenient sampling method,and they were investigated by questionnaire.SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The counting data were described by rate or constituent ratio.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the important factors influencing male nurses′willingness to change profession.Results A total of 189 male nurses were investigated,137 of them were under 30 years old,accounting for 72.5%.They had high education background and low professional title,mainly concentrated in ICU,operation room and emergency department of public owned 3A or 3B hospitals,with a monthly income of 3000 to 8000 yuan.33 nurses(17.5%)chose nursing profession because they couldn′t change careers by profession adjustment.135 nurses(71.4%)considered that work pressure was high.70 nurses(37.0%)had the idea of changing careers.The main influencing factors included:nursing career was not in accordance with individual interest,dislike of female boss,low income.The prominent problem in nursing career was"inconvenience in gender""the confusion of self-positioning".Conclusions The hospital should improve the income of male nurses,reduce the work pressure,establish magnetic hospital,establish career planning for them,and expand the team of male nurses.Male nurses should take the initiative to improve their professional ability and professional title,so as to provide necessary conditions for the realization of nursing managers,educators,researchers and other professional goals.