数据中心能效影响因素及评价指标

Energy efficiency impact factors and evaluation indicators for data centers

互联网的高速发展促使数据中心朝着高密度、大规模方向发展,由此带来的能耗问题和环境问题也日益突出。在保证数据中心安全运行的同时,解决数据中心高能耗和对环境的影响问题,从而构建"绿色数据中心"具有重要意义。因此,研究数据中心的能效影响因素及其评价指标对数据中心能耗的优化设计具有重要意义。介绍了数据中心从设计规划到顺利运营过程中的能效影响因素,发现数据中心的能效由室内外环境、供配电系统、制冷系统等多个因素共同作用,为实现最优能效管理,需综合各个因素带来的效果最终确定方案。重点回顾了近20年来数据中心能效评价指标的发展历程及环境指标的引入情况,讨论了系统能耗指标与环境指标之间的联系。最后指出,未来数据中心需要一个综合环境因素和数据中心内部能耗的指标或评价体系,全方位对数据中心的能效进行系统评价,从而最大限度地减小环境足迹。

With the rapid development of the Internet,data centers are developing towards high density and large scale,and the resulting energy consumption and environmental problems are becoming increasingly prominent.While ensuring the safe operation of the data center,it is of great significance to solve the problems of high energy consumption and the environmental impact of the data center so as to build a “green data center”.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the influencing factors of energy efficiency and its evaluation indicators for the optimal design of data center energy consumption.This paper introduces the influencing factors of energy efficiency in the process of data centers from design planning to smooth operation.It is found that the energy efficiency of data centers is jointly affected by indoor and outdoor environment,power supply and distribution systems,refrigeration systems and other factors.To realize the optimal energy efficiency management,the scheme needs to be finally determined by integrating the effects of all factors.The development process of data center energy efficiency evaluation indicators and the environmental indicator introduction in the past 20 years are reviewed emphatically,and the relationship between system energy consumption indicators and environmental indicators is discussed.This paper points out that the future data center needs an index or evaluation system that integrates environmental factors and internal energy consumption of the data center to systematically evaluate the energy efficiency of the data center in an all-round way to minimize the environmental footprint.