间充质干细胞外泌体在创伤修复再生中作用的研究进展

Research progress in role of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in wound healing and regeneration

间充质干细胞(MSCs)外泌体能够通过旁分泌作用,发挥类似干细胞的促进组织器官修复再生的功能,避免了直接移植MSCs的风险,如致瘤、伦理、免疫排斥反应等。MSCs外泌体参与细胞通讯,维持微环境的稳态,促进细胞的增殖、迁移及细胞外基质的修复再生,且能够在不同物种之间传递,却不会引起明显的免疫反应,在组织器官的修复与再生方面表现出巨大潜力。笔者就MSCs外泌体的特征、提取、鉴定及其在脊髓、皮肤、骨、肌腱和神经等组织器官创伤修复再生方面应用的研究进展作一综述,为临床应用MSCs外泌体修复组织器官提供参考。

Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)play a similar role of stem cells in promoting healing and regeneration of tissue and organ through paracrine,which avoids the risks of direct transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells such as tumorigenic,ethics,immune rejection,et al.Exosomes derived from MSCs that are able to participate in intercellular communication,maintain homeostasis of microenvironment,promote cell proliferation and migration,repair extracellular matrix,and transmit between different species without causing obvious immune response,exhibiting great potential in healing and regeneration of tissue and organ.The authors review the characteristics,extraction and identification of exosomes derived from MSCs and their application in the repair and regeneration of spinal cord,skin,bone,tendons,nerves and other tissues,hoping to provide a reference for clinical application of exosomes derived from MSCs in tissue and organ repair.