重庆市2019年登革热暴发疫情应急控制后媒介伊蚊抗药性调查

An investigation of the insecticide resistance of Aedes vector after emergency control of a dengue fever outbreak in Chongqing,China,2019

目的了解重庆市2019年登革热暴发疫情控制后白纹伊蚊对常用卫生杀虫剂敏感性状况,为预防登革热等蚊传疾病和指导媒介伊蚊用药提供依据。方法2020年5-10月,选择重庆市6个区(县)的公园或废旧轮胎堆放处采集白纹伊蚊,带回实验室饲养1~2代,采用幼虫浸渍法及成蚊接触筒法开展抗药性监测。结果重庆市各调查点白纹伊蚊幼蚊对常用杀虫剂的敏感性均不同,抗性倍数在0.46~7.32倍。其中对双硫磷的抗性倍数为0.46~4.92倍,对残杀威的抗性倍数为0.82~7.32倍。重庆市各调查点白纹伊蚊成蚊对溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯均产生不同程度的抗性,24 h死亡率在5.88%~78.22%。除万州区野外白纹伊蚊成蚊对虫威和杀螟硫磷产生可疑抗性及大足区野外白纹伊蚊成蚊对毒死蜱产生可疑抗性外,其余调查点野外白纹伊蚊成蚊对残杀威、(口恶)虫威、马拉硫磷、杀螟硫磷、毒死蜱均为敏感。结论重庆市各调查点白纹伊蚊成蚊对拟除虫菊酯类药物均产生抗性,部分调查点白纹伊蚊幼蚊对双硫磷和残杀威产生低抗。建议定期监测白纹伊蚊的抗性水平及变化趋势,根据不同虫态的抗药性采取相应的杀虫剂使用策略。

Objective To investigate the resistance of Aedes albopictus to commonly used insecticides,after control of a dengue fever outbreak in Chongqing,China,2019,and to provide a basis for controlling mosquito-borne diseases including dengue fever and Aedes vector.Methods From May to October,2020,Ae.albopictus mosquitoes were collected from parks or waste tire piles in 6 districts(counties)of Chongqing and were reared for 1-2 generations in laboratory,and the larval dipping method and the adult exposure tube method were used for insecticide resistance surveillance.Results Ae.albopictus larvae from each investigation site of Chongqing had varying degrees of sensitivity to commonly used insecticides,with a resistance ratio of 0.46-7.32.The resistance ratio was 0.46-4.92 for temephos and0.82-7.32 for propoxur.Adult Ae.albopictus mosquitoes from each investigation site of Chongqing developed varying degrees of resistance to deltamethrin,permethrin,beta-cypermethrin,and lambda-cyhalothrin,with a 24-hour death rate of 5.88%-78.22%.The adult Ae.albopictus mosquitoes in the field of Wanzhou district developed suspected resistance to bendiocarb and fenitrothion,and those in the field of Dazu district developed suspected resistance to chlorpyrifos;the adult Ae.albopictus mosquitoes in the field of the remaining investigation sites were sensitive to propoxur,bendiocarb,malathion,fenitrothion,and chlorpyrifos.Conclusion Ae.albopictus adult mosquitoes from each investigation site of Chongqing develop resistance to pyrethroids,and Ae.albopictus larvae from some investigation sites develop a low level of resistance to temephos and propoxur.It is recommended to regularly monitor the resistance level and changing trend of Ae.albopictus and to select corresponding insecticide use strategies according to the insecticide resistance of Ae.albopictus at different developmental stages.