广东韶关丹霞山国家级自然保护区内鼠种构成及分布调查分析

Species composition and distribution of rodents in Danxia Mountain National Nature Reserve,Shaoguan,Guangdong province,China

目的调查广东韶关丹霞山国家级自然保护区不同生境中鼠种构成、分布,完善该区物种多样性数据,为该区生物保护、生产及旅游管理提供依据。方法以夹捕法在该保护区的农田、山林和景区等生境设置11个样点进行采样调查。采用Kruskal-Wallis H独立样本检验各区域夹捕率差异是否有统计学意义,并基于鼠种数和个体数量计算比较各区域多样性指数。结果共捕鼠102只,其中农区平均夹捕率最高,达18.24%,景区次之,林区最低;经形态学和分子生物学鉴定隶属啮齿目1科5属8种,优势种为华南针毛鼠,占捕获总数的43.14%。华南针毛鼠为农区(7.07%)及景区(5.59%)捕获率最高的鼠种,林区以海南社鼠捕获率最高(3.16%)。物种丰富度及多样性指数农区>林区>景区。结论不同区域鼠类分布格局的差异反映出农业生产及旅游行为会形成利于鼠类种群和多样性增加的环境条件。

Objective To investigate the composition and distribution of rodent species in different habitats in the Danxia Mountain National Nature Reserve in Shaoguan,Guangdong province,China,to improve the species diversity data in this area,and to provide a basis for biological conservation,production,and tourism management in the reserve.Methods Traps were used to capture rodents in 11 sites in the habitats of farmlands,forests,and scenic spots in the reserve.The independent samples Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to assess the significance of capture rate in different habitats.The diversity indices were calculated and compared based on the number of rodent species and individuals.Results A total of 102 rodents were captured.The average capture rate was the highest in farmlands(18.24%),followed by scenic spots,and forests had the lowest capture rate.The rodent species were assigned to 1 order(Rodentia),1 family,5 genera,and 8 species by morphological and molecular identification.The dominant species was Niviventer huang,accounting for 43.14%of the total captured rodents.N.huang was the species with the highest capture rate in farmlands(7.07%)and scenic spots(5.59%),N.lotipes was the species with the highest capture rate in forests(3.16%).Species richness and diversity indices showed the order of farmlands>forests>scenic spots.Conclusion The distribution patterns of rodents in different habitats suggest that agricultural production and tourism will create environmental conditions that increase rodent population size and diversity.