临床护士针刺伤防护行为相关因素中的调节作用分析

Analysis on moderating role of related factors of protective behavior of clinical nurses against needle stick injury

目的分析临床护士工作要求、医院安全氛围、自我效能感与针刺伤防护行为的关系,以及工作要求对其他三者间关系的调节作用。方法采用方便抽样法,于2020年10月—2021年1月在银川市某三级甲等医院选取247名护士为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、针刺伤防护行为问卷、工作要求量表、医院安全氛围量表和自我效能量表收集资料,并对数据进行分析。结果护士针刺伤防护行为总得分为(69.99±8.67)分;医院安全氛围与防护行为呈正相关(r=0.894,P<0.01),自我效能感与防护行为呈正相关(r=0.872,P<0.01),工作要求与防护行为呈负相关(r=-0.232,P<0.01);工作要求在安全氛围与防护行为(β=0.092,△R^(2)=0.008,P<0.01)、自我效能与防护行为(β=0.111,△R^(2)=0.012,P<0.01)的关系中起调节作用。结论临床护士防护行为处于中等偏上水平,工作要求可以调节安全氛围和自我效能与防护行为的关系。

Objective To analyze the relationship among clinical nurses’work requirements,hospital safety atmosphere,selfefficacy and needle-stick injury protection behavior,and the regulating effect of work requirements on the relationships of other three.Methods A total of 247 nurses were selected from a grade-A tertiary hospital in Yinchuan City from October 2020 to January 2021 by the convenience sampling method.The data were collected by using general data questionnaire,needle-stick injury protection behavior questionnaire,job demands scale,hospital safety atmosphere scale and self-efficacy scale.And the data were analyzed.Results The total score of nurses’needle-stick injury protection behavior was(69.99±8.67)points.Hospital safety atmosphere was positively correlated with protective behavior(r=0.894,P<0.01),self-efficacy was positively correlated with protective behavior(r=0.872,P<0.01),and job demands was negatively correlated with protective behavior(r=-0.232,P<0.01).The job demands played a moderating role in the relationship between safety atmosphere and protective behavior(β=0.092,△R^(2)=0.008,P<0.01)and between self-efficacy and protective behavior(β=0.111,△R^(2)=0.012,P<0.01).Conclusion The protective behavior of clinical nurses is at an upper middle level,and job demands can regulate the relationship between safety atmosphere,self-efficacy and protective behavior.