Toll样受体在人乳头瘤病毒感染致宫颈癌中的作用

Role of Toll-like receptors in human papillomavirus infection-caused cervical cancer

高危型人乳头瘤病毒(high-risk human papillomavirus,HR-HPV)持续感染是宫颈癌发生的明确病因,但并非所有HR-HPV感染都会导致宫颈癌,说明多种因素参与调节HR-HPV的致病性。Toll样受体(Toll-like receptors,TLRs)是一类模式识别受体,能特异性识别病原体相关分子模式(pathogen-associated molecular patterns,PAMPs)激发宿主抗病毒的固有和适应性免疫。相关研究表明HR-HPV通过调节TLRs的表达和信号通路改变局部免疫微环境,导致病毒持续感染以及宫颈癌发生。本综述将总结并讨论TLRs在HPV感染致宫颈癌中的免疫作用和可能的致病机制以及TLRs激动剂在HPV疫苗中的应用。

Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV)is a well-defined etiology of cervical cancer,but not all HR-HPV infections lead to cervical cancer,indicating that many factors are involved in the regulation of HR-HPV pathogenicity.Toll-like receptors(TLRs)are a class of pattern recognition receptors that specifically recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs)to provoke host innate and adaptive immunity against viruses.Relevant studies have shown that HR-HPV alters the local immune microenvironment by regulating the expression and signaling pathways of TLRs,leading to persistent infection with HR-HPV as well as cervical cancer.This review summarized and discussed the immune function and possible pathogenesis of TLRs in HPV infection-caused cervical cancer and the application of TLRs agonists in HPV vaccines.