玉米收储制度改革以来家庭农场经营行为的变化——基于辽宁省H县22家省级示范家庭农场的面板调查数据

Change of family farm business behavior since corn storage system reform:Based on the panel survey data of 22provincial model family farms of H County in Liaoning Province

为了解玉米收储制度改革以来东北地区家庭农场的经营行为,基于辽宁省朝阳市H县22家省级示范家庭农场的面板调查数据,重点从玉米种植行为的变化情况、玉米销售行为的变化情况、质量和风险意识的变化情况3个方面分析了2016年以来家庭农场经营行为的变化及其影响因素。结果表明:1)受人均耕地面积较小和土地集中连片申报要求的制约,家庭农场大部分土地需要流转,流转的土地土质较差、普遍缺乏灌溉条件,种植玉米面临较高的自然风险;2)受其他农产品市场价格波动大且常常面临销售困难、玉米出售价格呈上涨趋势、玉米种植省时省力等因素的影响,家庭农场种植玉米具有一定的刚性;3)受经营规模较小和缺乏带动能力强的新型农业经营主体等因素的影响,家庭农场仍然选择一次性将玉米出售给上门收购的小商贩;4)面对市场的不确定性,家庭农场风险意识明显增强,表现为都有购买农业保险的意愿和最关注玉米市场价格信息,但质量意识有待提高。

In order to understand the family farm business behavior since corn storage system reform,based on the panel survey data of 22 provincial model family farms of H County in Liaoning Province,this study analyzes the change situation of family farm business behavior and its influencing factors since 2016 from three aspects including corn planting behavior,corn sales behavior and quality and risk awareness.The results showed that:1)Due to the smaller scale of cultivated land and the requirement of land concentration,family farms need to transfer most of the land because the soil quality and irrigation conditions are generally poor and the planting corn production is faced with higher natural risk;2)Due to the greater fluctuation of other agricultural products’ market price,the rising trend of corn price and the time and labor saving of corn planting,the corn production of family farms have certain rigidity;3)Due to the smaller scale and the lack of driving capacity of the new agricultural management main body,family farms still choose to sell corn to the door-to-door purchase of small traders;4)Facing of market uncertainty,the risk awareness of family farms have been significantly enhanced,which manifested by the farmers’ willingness to buy agricultural insurance and pay the most attention to the corn market price information,but the quality awareness needs to be improved.