舟山市初中生睡眠状况及其与视力不良的关系

Sleep Status and Its Relationship with Poor vision among Junior High School Students in Zhoushan

目的:分析舟山市初中生睡眠状况及其与视力不良的关系,为今后开展初中生视力不良防控工作提供参考。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法,在舟山市城区和郊区各选择2所学校,每所学校分别在初一至初三年级至少抽取240名学生开展问卷调查,每个年级至少抽取80名学生,以整班为单位开展调查。采用5m标准对数视力表检查学生的裸眼视力,采用问卷调查收集影响视力的可能有关因素。结果:本次调查共纳入初中生1030人,视力不良检出率为83.5%,睡眠不足率为77.2%。其中睡眠时间在<7h、[7,8)h、[8,9)h和≥9h的比例分别为8.6%、22.9%、45.6%和22.8%。不同年级、区域和是否住校的初中生的睡眠时间比较,差异有统计学意义(Z/K值分别为54.239、-20.294和-9.706,P值均<0.01)。不同睡眠时间的学生视力不良检出率比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.656,P<0.01)。在调整其他因素后,以睡眠时间≥9h为参照,发现睡眠充足与视力不良呈负相关,睡眠时间[8,9)h的OR值为1.462,95%CI为(0.641,3.339),睡眠时间[7,8)h的OR值为1.687,95%CI为(0.791,3.601),睡眠时间<7h的OR值为2.472,95%CI为(1.125,5.432)。结论:舟山市初中生睡眠不足率较高,睡眠不足可能是初中生视力不良的独立危险因素,今后应该采取措施保证初中生的充足睡眠。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the sleep status of junior high school students in Zhoushan and its relationship with im⁃paired vision,so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of impaired vision of junior high school students.METHODS The stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 2 schools in Zhoushan,and at least 240 students from grade one to grade three were selected from each school,and at least 80 students from each grade were selected from each school.The survey was car⁃ried out in the whole class.5M standard logarithmic visual acuity chart was used to examine the students’naked visual acuity.Questionnaire survey was used to collect the possible factors affecting visual acuity.RESULTS 1030 junior high school students were included.The detection rate of poor vision in Zhoushan junior high school students was 83.5%.The sleep insufficiency rate of Zhoushan junior high school students was 77.2%.The proportions of sleep time<7 h,[7,8]h,[8,9]h and≥9 h were 8.6%,22.9%,45.6%and 22.8%,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in sleep time among junior middle school stu⁃dents in different grades,regions and whether they lived in school or not(Z/K=54.239,-20.294,-9.706,P<0.001).The detection rate of impaired vision among students with different sleep time was statistically significant(χ^(2)=12.656,P<0.01).After adjusting for other factors,taking 9h of sleep as the reference,it was found that adequate sleep was negatively correlated with poor vision:the OR value of[8,9]h was 1.462(0.641,3.339),the OR value of[7,8]h was 1.687(0.791,3.601),and the OR value of<7 h was 2.472(1.125,5.432).CONCLUSION The rate of insufficient sleep was high in Zhoushan junior high school students,and insuf⁃ficient sleep was an independent risk factor for poor vision of junior high school students.Measures should be taken to ensure ade⁃quate sleep for students in the future.