稀土微肥对当归生长发育及产量品质的影响

Effect of Micro-fertilizer Containing Rare Earth on Growth,Yield and Quality of Angelica sinensis

目的:探讨不同种类及不同浓度的稀土微肥对当归生长发育及产量品质的影响。方法:采取单因子随机区组试验设计,选用不同浓度的硝酸稀土微肥和氯化稀土微肥作为叶面肥进行喷施处理,测定当归生长发育及指标成分。结果:喷施0.8 g·mL^(-1)氯化稀土微肥可以提高当归经济产量,亩产(1亩≈667 m;)鲜重达855.4 kg,干重产量达350.7 kg/亩,较空白1(CK1)分别增产了15.16%,28.70%。喷施1.2 g·mL^(-1)硝酸稀土微肥能促进当归生长发育,显著提高指标成分含量,株高达93.05 cm,茎粗达15.60 mm,根粗达16.10 mm,主根长为36.5 cm,叶片数最多为11.25片/株,较空白2(CK2)提高了32.76%,31.98%,41.98%,53.36%,45.16%;阿魏酸、挥发油、藁本内酯、浸出物成分含量最高,分别是0.96%,0.41%,0.30%,48.76%,较CK2分别提高了12.94%,17.14%,11.11%,12.07%。结论:喷施0.8 g·mL^(-1)氯化稀土微肥和1.2 g·mL^(-1)硝酸稀土微肥可以促进当归药材生长发育,改善药材性状,提高药材产量与品质,在当归标准化栽培中可推广应用,可以改变当归依赖化肥、施肥单一的生产现状,促进当归绿色有机、生态化栽培。

Objective: To investigate the effects of micro-fertilizer containing rare earth of different types and concentrations on the growth,yield and quality of Angelica sinensis. Method: On the basis of the single-factor randomized block design,the growth and index components of Angelica sinensis were determined with rare earth-containing nitrate and chloride micro-fertilizers of different concentrations as foliar fertilizers.Result: Spraying 0.8 g·mL^(-1) rare earth-containing chloride micro-fertilizer could increase the economic yield of A. sinensis,with the fresh yield per mu(1 mu≈667 m;)reaching 855.4 kg and the dry yield per mu 350.7 kg,which increased by 15.16% and 28.70% respectively compared with that in the control group CK1. Spraying 1.2 g·mL^(-1) rare earth-containing nitrate micro-fertilizer could promote the growth and development of A. sinensis and significantly increase the content of index components,with the plant height reaching 93.05 cm,the stem diameter 15.60 mm,the root diameter 16.10 mm,the main root length 36.5 cm,and the number of leaves 11.25 pieces per plant,which increased by 32.76%,31.98%,41.98%,53.36%,and 45.16%,respectively,compared with those in the control group CK2. Besides,the content of ferulic acid,volatile oil,ligustilide,and extract was0.96%,0.41%,0.30% and 48.76%,respectively,which increased by 12.94%,17.14%,11.11%,and 12.07%,respectively,compared with that in the control group CK2. Conclusion: Spraying 0.8 g·mL^(-1) rare earthcontaining chloride micro-fertilizer and 1.2 g·mL^(-1) rare earth-containing nitrate micro-fertilizer can promote the growth and development of A. sinensis,improve the medicinal properties,and increase yield and quality. Rare earth-containing micro-fertilizers can be applied in the standardization of A. sinensis cultivation,which can change the production status of A. sinensis that depends on chemical fertilizers and single fertilization,and promote the green,organic and ecological cultivation of A. sinensis.