科研主力军还是学术临时工:瑞士博士后多重角色冲突与发展困境

The Main Force in Scientific Research or Temporary Academic Workers:Multiple Role Conflict and Development Dilemma of Swiss Postdocs

作为科技创新的"主力军",博士后在通往终身教职的荆棘之路上,同时面临着工作负担重、职业压力大、不确定性和流动性强等问题。相比其他学术职位,瑞士博士后的试用期限越来越长,获得稳定学术职位的竞争越来越激烈。他们须同时承担教学、科研任务以及繁杂的学术事务,面临多重角色冲突与角色期待差异。一方面,博士后经历着理想(独立自主的研究人员)与现实(资深学者的得力助手)之间的落差,另一方面他们还面临着发展亲密关系所需的稳定性与工作流动性之间的矛盾。这种"博士后悖论"极大地限制了青年学术人员的职业发展,亟须通过拓宽博士后的资助渠道、强化对博士后的职业权益保障等途径,缓解博士后面临的角色冲突与职业压力,构建更加可持续的学术文化生态。

As the "main force" of scientific and technological innovation,postdocs are face with heavy workload,high career pressure,uncertainty and high mobility on the rocky road to the tenure.Compared with other academic positions,the probationary period for postdocs has become longer,the competition for stable academic positions has become more intense.They have to juggle teaching and research tasks,as well as academic housework,and are faced with multiple role conflicts and role expectation differences.On the one hand,there is a gap between the ideal (the independent researcher) and the reality (the senior scholar’s right hand).On the other hand,there is a tension between the stability needed to develop close relationships and job mobility.This kind of "postdoc paradox" greatly limits the career development of junior academics,some measures including broadening postdoctoral funding channels,strengthen the protection of post-doctoral professional rights and interests,need to be taken urgently to alleviate the role conflict and career pressure faced by postdocs and build a more sustainable academic cultural ecology.