退耕还林高质量发展生态补偿机制创新实现路径

The Realization Path of Mechanism Innovation of Ecological Compensation for the Sustainable High-quality Development of Grain-for-Green Project

通过分析退耕还林生态补偿机制研究现状,阐释了退耕还林可持续性问题与破解思路,归纳了退耕还林工程在生态环境质量改善、生态系统服务功能提升、农户生计变化与福祉保障等方面的影响,进而提出基于生态系统服务与农户福祉交互耦合实现退耕还林生态补偿机制创新路径。未来的研究需要紧密结合“十四五”乃至今后更长时期区域可持续高质量发展与森林生态补偿制度创新需要,关注退耕农户福祉改善的迫切需求,厘清生态系统服务供给与退耕农户福祉变化的内在联系,明确生态系统服务与农户福祉交互耦合的退耕还林可持续高质量发展生态补偿标准形成机制与对象的空间选择机制,推动退耕还林生态系统服务功能供给能力有效地转变为现实而长期改善人类福祉的能力,为建设生态文明和美丽中国做出新的更大贡献。

⑴Background——The sustainable development of the Grain-for-Green Project is facing with the huge realistic pressure from the damaged welfare of farmers in the project area.It is urgent to establish a more sustainable and fair ecological compensation mechanism for the Grain-for-Green Project based on ecosystem services and farmers'well-being.⑵Methods——Taking documentary analysis as the main method,this article analyzes the current situation of the ecological compensation mechanism of the Grain-for-Green Project,explains the sustainability issues and solutions of the Grain-for-Green Project,and then proposes a path for the realization of an ecological compensation mechanism for the Grain-for-Green Project based on ecosystem services and farmers'well-being.⑶Results——Providing long-term and stable ecological compensation to farmers who have returned farmland is an important way to solve the sustainability issue of the Grain-for-Green Project.the Grain-for-Green Project is the main driving force for the implementation of regional land use cover changes.Therefore,the mechanism of the relationship between ecosystem services and the well-being of converted farmers and its coupling mechanism are the scientific basis for establishing the ecological compensation mechanism for the Grain-for-Green Project.Systematic research should be made to reveal the coupling mechanism and its key influencing factors between ecosystem service value of the Grain-for-Green Project and the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of converted farmer's well-being.And the formation mechanism of ecological compensation standards is the core content of the research on the ecological compensation mechanism of the Grain-for-Green Project,and the spatial selection mechanism of ecological compensation objects is the supporting content of the research on the ecological compensation mechanism of the Grain-for-Green Project.Based on ecosystem services and farmer's well-being,the formation mechanism of ecological compensation standards for the Grain-for-Green Project and the spatial selection mechanism of ecological compensation objects should be established.Finally,the ecosystem services of the Grain-for-Green Project,the well-being of returned farmers and the multi-intelligent decision support system for ecological compensation should be integrated.On the basis of ecosystem services and ecological compensation management policy for the Grain-for-Green Project for farmer's well-being,the implementation plan should be proposed.⑷Conclusions and Discussions——Future research should closely integrate with the“14th Five-Year Plan”and the need for regional sustainable high-quality development and forest ecological compensation system innovation for a longer period of time.It is necessary to pay attention to the urgent needs of the improvement of returned farmer's well-being,and clarify the internal connection between ecosystem service supply and changes in the well-being of returned farmers.And it required to clarify the formation mechanism of ecological compensation standards for the Grain-for-Green Project based on ecosystem services and farmers'well-being,and the spatial selection mechanism of the objects.Then it is proposed to promote the effective transformation of the ecosystem service function supply capacity of the Grain-for-Green Project into reality and long-term ability to improve human well-being,which would make new and greater contributions to the construction of an ecological civilization and a beautiful China.