超低温介质内冷式刀柄的设计及试验研究

Design and Experimental Study of Cryogenic Medium Internal Cooling Toolholders

为满足常规机床超低温内冷式改造需求,设计了超低温内冷式刀柄,提出了内层旋转、外层静止的刀柄双层构型思路,分析了刀柄的传热过程及强度可靠性并进行了结构优化,利用热流固耦合数值模拟验证了刀柄的温度场、整体形变与强度。在此基础上,研制出超低温内冷式刀柄一套,开展了几何精度与热平衡温度测试。研究结果表明:刀柄隔热性能良好,且在稳定工作状态下可保持较高的几何精度,可满足常规机床的超低温内冷式加工需求,为超低温清洁切削技术的深入研究奠定了基础。

In order to meet the requirements of cryogenic internal cooling reformation for conventional machine tools,a cryogenic internal cooling toolholder was designed.The idea of double-layer of the toolholder with inner rotation and outer static was proposed.Heat transfer processes and the strength reliability of the toolholder were analyzed and the structures were optimized.The temperature fields,overall deformations and strengths of the toolholder were verified by thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation.Then,a cryogenic medium internal cooling toolholder was developed,and the geometric accuracy and temperature change were tested.The research results show that the toolholders have good thermal insulation performance and may maintain high geometric accuracy in stable working states,which may meet the requirements of cryogenic internal cooling machining of conventional machine tools,and lays a foundation for further study on ultra-low temperature clean cutting technology.