上海市医养结合的政策过程与实践——基于“过程—工具”的分析

Policy Process and Practice of Combination of Medical Care and Nursing in Shanghai——An Analysis Based on"Process—Tool"

公共政策过程是实现政策治理、发挥政策作用的重要环节,已有研究缺乏对医养结合复杂政策形成过程及其演变机制的分析。本文以上海市医养结合的政策文本为材料,在对传统政策过程理论的分析框架进行适应性调整后,分别从需求、供给和衔接三个维度构建了一个简单的“过程—工具”分析框架,分析了上海市医养结合政策过程及实践经验。研究发现,上海市的医养结合政策表现出“渐进式”演变过程,呈现了“制定、规划、执行、评估、总结”一套完整的政策体系链条,形成了具有地方特色的“五位一体”医养结合供给体系。上海市医养结合的政策实践在政策制定、治理体系规划、治理平台建设与治理融合方面为我国其他地区提供了借鉴。

Public policy process is an important link to realize policy governance and play the role of policy.The existing research lacks the analysis of the formation process and evolution mechanism of the complex policy of the combination of medical care and nursing.Based on the policy text of the combination of medical care and maintenance in Shanghai,this paper constructs a simple"process—tool"analysis framework from the three dimensions of demand,supply and connection after adjusting the analytical framework of traditional policy process theory,and analyzes the policy process and practical experience of the combination of medical care and maintenance in Shanghai.The study finds that the policy of the combination of medical care and nursing in Shanghai shows a"gradual"evolution process,presents a complete policy system chain of formulation,planning,implementation,evaluation and summary,and form a"five in one"supply system of the combination of medical care and nursing with local characteristics.The policy practice of the combination of medical care and nursing in Shanghai provides a reference for other regions in China in terms of policy formulation,governance system planning,governance platform construction and governance integration.