闺阁的观物之眼——清代女诗人的咏物诗

Observing Objects Through the Eyes of Women——Poems on Objects by the Poetesses in the Qing Dynasty

清代涌现了大量的女诗人,创作了许多诗歌,咏物诗是其中的一个重要类别。清代女诗人创作的咏物诗固然多写她们琐细的日常生活,但同时也敏锐地关注社会上出现的新事物,尤其对西洋传进的物件深感兴趣。总的来说,清代女诗人的咏物诗并不刻意追求寄托,但也重视对于“意”的表达。她们的作品非常重视以形传神,甚至希望做到遗貌取神。处于强大的中国文学的咏物传统中,她们也和前代的经典作家或同时代较为重要的文学现象进行对话,以表达自己的审美情趣。这些都体现出一定的时代特色、性别特色和个人特色。

There appeared a large number of poetesses in the Qing Dynasty,who wrote many poems,among which the poem on objects was an important category.True that in most of their poems on objects they depicted the trifles of their daily life,they also paid acute attention to the newly-sprouted things in society,and especially took great interest in those objects imported from the West.Generally speaking,the Qing poetesses didn’t deliberately pursue spiritual support in their poems on objects,but they paid attention to the expression of their ideas.In their works,they attached great importance to the expression of spirit by forms,and even hoped to take spirit by appearance.In the strong Chinese tradition of literature on objects,the Qing poetesses carried on dialogues with the classic writers of the previous dynasties and about the more important literary phenomena of their contemporary time,so as to express their aesthetic taste.In all,their writings displayed the interesting features of their time,gender and personality.