配比施肥对假苹婆幼苗叶片生理特性的影响

Effect of Proportional Fertilization on Leaf Physiological Characteristics of Sterculia lanceolata Seedlings

假苹婆Sterculia lanceolata是我国优良的园林树种,用途广泛,具有极好的观赏价值。本实验找到了适宜假苹婆幼苗生长发育的最佳施肥配比。以假苹婆为试验材料,分别采用氮、磷、钾3个因素和4个水平(纯N含量分别为0、0.9、1.8、2.7 g/株;纯P含量分别为0、1、2、3 g/株;纯K含量分别为0、0.9、1.8、2.7 g/株)的配比施肥和完全随机区组试验,分析不同施肥处理下其叶片生理特性的变化,探究适宜其生长发育的最佳施肥条件。不同配比施肥处理对假苹婆幼苗生理特性的影响显著,适当的N、P、K配施能够有效提高可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸和丙二醛的含量,增强POD、SOD、NR、GS等的活性。综合分析得出,T2(N_(1)P_(2)K_(2))处理下的假苹婆幼苗生理特性表现最优,与对照(CK)相比,其可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量分别提高了194.10%、105.15%;游离脯氨酸和丙二醛含量分别比CK低39%、30%;POD和SOD活性分别是CK的54.70%、68.08%;NR和GS活性分别比CK高66.23%、40.06%。影响假苹婆幼苗叶片生理特性的最佳施肥处理为T2(N_(1)P_(2)K_(2)),即氮肥0.9 g/株,磷肥2 g/株,钾肥1.8 g/株。

Sterculia lanceolata is an excellent garden tree species in China,which is widely used and has excellent ornamental value.In this experiment,Sterculia lanceolata was used as experimental materials,and the best fertilization ratio suitable for the growth and development of Sterculia lanceolata seedlings was explored.Three factors,four levels(pure N content of 0,0.9,1.8 and 2.7 g/plant,pure P content of 0,1,2 and 3 g/plant and pure K content of 0,0.9,1.8,2.7 g/plant)and completely random block experiment were conducted to analyze the changes of physiological characteristics of leaves under different fertilization treatments,and to explore the optimal fertilization conditions for their growth and development.Fertilization treatments with different proportions had significant effects on the physiological characteristics of Sterculia lanceolata seedlings.Appropriate N,P,K combined application could effectively increase the content of soluble sugars,free proline and malondialdehyde,and enhance POD,SOD,NR and GS activity.Comprehensive analysis showed that the physiological characteristics of Sterculia lanceolata seedlings under T2(N_(1)P_(2)K_(2))treatment were the best.Compared with CK,the soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of T2 were increased by 194.10%and 105.15%,respectively.The content of free proline and MDA was 39%and 30%lower than that of CK.The activities of POD and SOD were 54.70%and 68.08%of CK,and the activities of NR and GS were 66.23%and 40.06%higher than that of CK.The best fertilization treatment that affected the physiological characteristics of Sterculia lanceolata was T2(N_(1)P_(2)K_(2)),that was,nitrogen fertilizer 0.9 g,phosphate fertilizer 2 g and potassium fertilizer 1.8 g.