基于多学科仿真的制动盘优化设计

Optimal Design of Brake Disc Based on Multidisciplinary Simulation

建立了参数化的制动盘模型,并根据制动盘的实际运用,实现了热—机械耦合的多学科仿真,得到制动盘温度及变形。通过识别制动盘主要结构尺寸参数作为设计变量,并建立基于设计变量的特征参数的驱动关系,从而建立了基于设计变量的参数化模型。进而,以制动盘摩擦面温度及摩擦环刚度作为约束条件,以制动盘整体质量最轻作为优化目标,通过试验设计法及响应面法实现了多学科优化设计。实例计算结果表明,优化后的制动盘在满足温度及刚度要求的条件下,减轻了质量,优化效果明显。提出的优化设计思路及方法可为制动盘及其他车辆制动部件的设计开发提供有效的指导。

Parametric brake disc model was established and the temperature and deformation of the disc were obtained using multidisciplinary thermal mechanical coupling simulation according to the operating condition. Parametric model based on design variable was built by identifying the major structure parameters as design variable and establishing the driving relationship of feature parameters based on design variable. And then, multidisciplinary optimal design was realized by means of design of experiments and response surface design methods, using temperature of friction surface and stiffness of friction ring as constraint condition, and taking the lightest overall weight of the brake disc as the optimization goal. The case calculation results showed that the weight of the optimized brake disc was reduced under the condition of meeting the requirements of temperature and stiffness, which meant the optimization effect was obvious. The optimal design idea and method we proposed in the paper offer an available guidance for the development of brake discs and other brake components of vehicles.