瑞典北极政策的特点

Characteristics of Sweden's Arctic Policy

瑞典在2011年和2020年先后两次发布战略文件,调整了北极政策。首先是北极政策目标发生了变化,由将北极置于政务边缘地位到重视北极区域发展,从仅关注北极环境和原住民利益到高度重视北极传统军事安全、维护自身北极经济利益和扩大其国际影响力。为达到上述目的,瑞典通过外交手段与军事建设维护北极安全,依托科研合作与创新集群在北极区域发展循环无害经济,凭借国际制度和促进社会发展来增强自身在北极的影响力。瑞典的北极政策兼具传统军事安全与非传统安全两面内涵,其范围、焦点不断扩大、延伸,从而拓宽了瑞典在北极的具体实践和话语权。

In recent years,attention on global climate change has intensified,making the Arctic a new platform of global competition.Sweden released a new version of its Arctic strategy in November 2020.From 2011 to 2021,Sweden's Arctic policy goals have changed:Sweden has attached great importance to the development of the Arctic region,in order to safeguard its economic interests and expand its international influence.To achieve the above goals,Sweden relies on flexible diplomatic means and hard military construction to safeguard the Arctic security,develops sustainable economy in the Arctic region through scientific research cooperation and innovation clusters,and enhances its influence in the Arctic through international systems and promoting human development in the Arctic.Therefore,the Swedish Arctic policy revealsconcepts of both traditional military security and non-traditional security,and its scope and focus are constantly expanding,thus broadening the activities and voice of Sweden in the Arctic.