“新格义”阐释:西方文学心理学阐释的本土化问题

“New Geyi”:Indigenization of Western Literary Psychological Hermeneutics

西方文学心理学阐释虽在20世纪七八十年代就已进入中国,但由于其长期局限于比较研究的“以中释西”“以西释中”“中西互释”单纯方法论视角,缺乏两种阐释学原理意义上的疏通与转化,因而至今并未见出本土化的重要实绩。要推进西方文学心理学阐释的本土化,须以文学心理学阐释的原理形态为出发点,运用华裔学者傅伟勋提出的“创造的诠释学”与佛教中国化过程中形成的“格义”阐释法,通过对中西文学心理学阐释各自所包含的“实谓”“意谓”“蕴谓”“当谓”“必谓”五层次文本意涵进行“共现”“分梳”“比堪”“融通”四步骤的“格义”阐释,最终形成一种“新格义”阐释法,才能实现西方文学心理学阐释的真正本土化。

Although western literary psychological hermeneutics disseminated into China 40 to 50 years ago,it has not made significant achievement so far because it is limited to the simple methodological perspectives of comparative studies,eg.,“interpreting the West with China”,“interpreting China with the West”or“interpreting China and the West with each other”,and in the end,it failed in dredging and transforming the two different hermeneutic principles.This paper starts from the principles of literary psychological hermeneutics,and quotes the concept of“Geyi”formed in the process of the Sinicization of Buddhism and the proposition of“Creative Hermeneutics”coined by Chinese scholar Fu Weixun.By carrying out the interpretation of“Geyi”in four steps of“Gongxian”,“Fenshu”,“Bikan”and“Rongtong”to five levels of“primitive meaning”,“deep meaning”,“latent meaning”,“oughtness meaning”and“ultimate meaning”of Chinese and Western literary psychological hermeneutics,this paper creates a new method of“New Geyi”finally,which is the effective method to realize the indigenization of western literary psychological hermeneutics.The basic point of this paper is that we can obtain the final form of the localization of the western literary psychological hermeneutics through the four steps of the interpretation of the“New Geyi”.It is based on the objective knowledge structure and language expression logic of literary texts,and links the internal emotional logic with ethical logic and knowledge logic in order to understand the“understanding of the reader”,“intention of the author”and“meaning of the text”.It clarifies the natural and ought-to-be meaning of the text by analyzing the reader’s and the author’s natural psychology,social psychology and cultural psychology,and finally,it will create a new hermeneutic form after we have achieved the dual goals of cultivation and enlightenment by text interpretation.The conclusion of this paper is that a literary psychological hermeneutics with explanatory power must have the dual connotations of reduction and creative interpretation on the basis of the logic of“understanding of the reader”=“intention of the author”=“meaning of the text”.It must also have the value orientation of natural psychology and public ethics,and reflect the integrity of interpretation and the final goal of hermeneutics.Now in face of the digital materiality and infinite open text characteristics of the current digital literature text,it is also necessary to elucidate the objective symptoms of the hermeneutics of western literary psychology,and highlight the basic role of the data nature and algorithm logic of the digital literature text in the generation of text meaning.Finally,we will complete the objective and creative interpretation of western literary psychological hermeneutics only when we have obtained the text meaning which is based on objective knowledge demonstration and multi-media interactive logic argumentation.