个体化营养联合运动疗法对妊娠期糖尿病治疗的临床疗效分析

Analysis of the Clinical Effect of Individualized Nutrition Combined with Exercise Therapy on the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes

目的探讨对妊娠期糖尿病患者采用个体化营养联合运动疗法治疗的临床效果。方法选择医院2020年2月—2021年2月收治的妊娠期糖尿病患者90例,按照随机数表法将患者分为采用常规治疗的对照组(n=45)与采用个体化营养联合运动疗法干预的研究组(n=45),比较两组治疗前后血糖指标,评估体质指数以及孕期增重情况,并比较两组不良妊娠结局发生率。结果干预后研究组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平分别为(4.76±0.33)mmol/L、(5.75±0.65)mmol/L、(5.28±0.47)%,均小于对照组;体质指数以及孕期增重量分别为(23.25±1.08)kg/m^(2)、(8.95±1.13)kg,均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=7.632、8.650、7.309、16.852、7.885,P<0.05)。研究组羊水过多、产后出血、巨大儿、新生儿窒息发生率分别为4.44%、0.00%、2.22%、4.44%,均小于对照组的17.78%、15.56%、17.78%、17.78%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.050、5.577、4.444、4.050,P<0.05)。结论对妊娠期糖尿病患者采用个体化营养联合运动疗法治疗能够有效改善患者血糖指标,可维持孕期体质量平稳增长,有利于改善患者的妊娠结局。

Objective To explore the clinical effects of individualized nutrition combined with exercise therapy for patients with gestational diabetes.Methods 90 patients with gestational diabetes from February 2020 to February 2021 were selected.According to the random number table method,the patients were divided into a conventional treatment control group(n=45)and an individualized nutrition combined exercise therapy intervention study group(n=45).The blood glucose indexes before and after treatment were compared between the two groups,and the body mass index and weight gain during pregnancy were evaluated.The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes between the two groups was compared.Results The levels of fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin of the study group after intervention were(4.76±0.33)mmol/L,(5.75±0.65)mmol/L,and(5.28±0.47)%,respectively,which were lower than those of the control group,the body mass index and weight gain during pregnancy were(23.25±1.08)kg/m^(2) and(8.95±1.13)kg,respectively,which were lower than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=7.632,8.650,7.309,16.852,7.885,P<0.05).The incidences of polyhydramnios,postpartum hemorrhage,macrosomia,and neonatal asphyxia in the study group were 4.44%,0.00%,2.22%,and 4.44%,respectively,which were all lower than those in the control group by 17.78%,15.56%,17.78%,and 17.78%,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.050,5.577,4.444,4.050,P<0.05).Conclusion Individualized nutrition combined with exercise therapy for patients with gestational diabetes can effectively improve the patient's blood glucose index and maintain a steady increase in weight during pregnancy.It is beneficial to improve the pregnancy outcome of patients.