柯布西耶的物体美学和白盒子设计技法(1918—1930年)

Le Corbusier’s Object Aesthetics and Design Skills of White Cubes(1918-1930)

文章研究柯布西耶如何将从现代抽象绘画中汲取的物体美学应用于20世纪20年代的白色小住宅设计。通过与阿梅代·奥赞方一起创作纯粹主义绘画,柯布西耶学到了一套将物体类型化的观看技巧,再结合其在东方之旅上转译自古典建筑的设计法,他开始将这些教益在白色小住宅上逐一展开试验。对位法、表面拉伸、视觉操控,是柯布西耶在20世纪20年代白盒子上具体实施的设计技法。文章选择7座小住宅案例为研究对象,解读柯布西耶在绘画和建筑中的物体美学与白盒子设计技法的关联,剖析其反映的现代生活的新观念与新的人性。

This paper studies how the learnings of object aesthetics from modern abstract paintings were applied by Le Corbusier to his white cubes in the1920 s.The way of seeing inherited from the Purism with Amedée Ozenfant turns into the idea of objecttype,and such teachings were experimented on the white houses by Le Corbusier in combination with the knowledge transformed from Classical architecture in Voyage d’Orient.The practical operations of designing the Corbusian white cubes include contrapposto,stretched surface,and visual control.Using seven villas as the subjects of research,this paper dissects the relationship of object aesthetics and design skills of white houses in Le Corbusier’s paintings and architecture,and furthers the understanding of the new conception and humanity in his modern modus vivendi.