环境规制对工业生态效率的影响机理研究——人力资本与科技研发的双重调节

Study on the Influence Mechanism of Environmental Regulation on Industrial Ecological Efficiency:Dual Regulation of Human Capital and Scientific and Technological R&D

文章基于人力资本与科技研发调节视角,采用非期望产出超效率SBM模型,测算2010—2019年中国30个省份的工业生态效率,分析其空间相关性,实证探究环境规制作用下中国工业生态效率的驱动因素。结果显示:在研究期内,我国工业生态效率整体水平变化可分为平缓阶段(2010—2014年)、低谷阶段(2014—2017年)、波动阶段(2017—2019年)三个阶段,且东部地区>中部地区>西部地区;我国工业生态效率整体呈现出从东南向西北方向递减的阶梯式演变规律,空间集聚显著,并具有"区块状"特征;环境规制对工业生态效率的影响存在滞后效应,且滞后一期抑制工业生态效率的提升;人力资本水平和科技研发水平具有显著的门槛特征,人力资本水平作为门槛变量时,环境规制对工业生态效率的影响呈"U"型,而科技研发水平越过一定门槛值后,环境规制对工业生态效率产生负向影响。

Based on the perspective of human capital and scientific and technological R&D regulation,this paper uses the unexpected output super efficiency SBM model to calculate the industrial ecological efficiency of 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2019,analyze its spatial correlation,and empirically explore the driving factors of China’s industrial ecological efficiency under the action of environmental regulation.The results show that during the study period,the overall level change of China’s industrial ecological efficiency can be divided into three stages:gentle stage(2010—2014),trough stage(2014—2017),and fluctuation stage(2017—2019),and the eastern region>central region>western region;China’s industrial ecological efficiency as a whole shows a ladder evolution law of decreasing from southeast to northwest,with significant spatial agglomeration and"regional block"characteristics;the impact of environmental regulation on industrial ecological efficiency has a lag effect,and the lag period inhibits the improvement of industrial ecological efficiency;the level of human capital and the level of scientific and technological R&D have significant threshold characteristics.When the level of human capital is used as the threshold variable,the impact of environmental regulation on industrial ecological efficiency shows a"U"shape.When the level of scientific and technological R&D exceeds a certain threshold,environmental regulation has a negative impact on industrial ecological efficiency.