一种宽带双极化赋形抛物盒喇叭天线

A Wideband Dual Polarized Beam-Shaping Horn-Reflector Antenna

对空探测的雷达天线要求天线具有宽频带、全极化、高增益、方位面宽波束覆盖、俯仰面余割波束覆盖的特点,需要最大限度平衡大空域覆盖与高增益之间的矛盾,实现资源的最有效利用。本设计在传统抛物盒喇叭的基础上,在X波段40%带宽范围内实现了一种方位面和俯仰面差异悬殊的波束性能,同时利用波导正交馈电技术实现双极化。仿真和试验均表明,设计的抛物盒喇叭天线在方位面能够实现30°波束覆盖,俯仰面实现0°~60°的大空域余割赋形波束。同时抛物盒喇叭还具有结构紧凑、馈电效率高的特点,有利于实现天线的小型化、轻型化设计。

Besides broadband, fully polarized, and high gain radiation, radar antennas applied in air target detection are also required to achieve wide beam radiation in azimuth plane and cosecant beam radiation in elevation plane, which demands a deliberate tradeoff between beam coverage and gain. In this paper, based on traditional horn-reflector, a modified design is proposed to achieve widely different beam patterns in azimuth and elevation planes in X band with a fractional bandwidth of 40%. The proposed horn-reflector is fed with a dual polarized coaxes-to-waveguide transition for dual polarization radiation. The designed horn-reflector is simulated, fabricated, and experimentally tested. Both simulated and measured results demonstrate that the proposed horn-reflector features 30°-wide beam in azimuth plane and cosecant-shaped beam from 0° to 60° in elevation plane. The proposed horn-reflector is compact and highly efficient, promising for miniaturized and light-weight systems.