一种小型化宽频带卫星导航终端天线的设计

Design of a Compact Broadband Satellite Navigation Antenna

研究了一种小型化宽频带交叉偶极子结构卫星导航终端天线。天线结构由交叉偶极子臂、耦合贴片和侧面开斜槽的反射腔组成,反射腔的侧面斜槽可调节电流分布,实现了天线宽阻抗带宽、宽轴比带宽和尺寸的小型化。测量结果表明,|S_(11)|≤-10dB阻抗带宽实测为0.96~2.12 GHz,轴比≤3 dB的圆极化带宽为1.06~1.84 GHz,在北斗卫星导航系统B1、B2、B3频段中心频率点的实测增益分别为6.07 dBi、5.25 dBi、6.2 dBi。该天线频带宽、结构简单,不需要复杂的圆极化馈电网络,适合批量生产。

A compact broadband cross-dipole antenna for satellite navigation terminal is proposed. The antenna consists of crossed dipole arms, coupling patches and a reflective cavity with slanted slots on the sides. The distributed current on the antenna can be optimized by adjusting the slanted slots and a compact unidirectional radiation antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and axis ratio(AR) bandwidth is achieved. The measurement results show that the impedance bandwidth of |S_(11)|≤-10dB is 0.96-2.12 GHz, and the circular polarization bandwidth of AR≤3 dB is 1.06-1.84 GHz. The measured gains at the center frequency of the BeiDou navigation satellite system(BDS) B1, B2 and B3 band are 6.07 dBi, 5.25 dBi and 6.2 dBi respectively. The antenna has several advantages, such as a simple structure, without requiring any complicated feeding network, being suitable for mass production, and can be well used to the terminal equipment of the global navigation satellite system(GNSS).