重庆市中学生传统欺凌、网络欺凌与自杀相关心理行为关系

Association of traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimization with suicide-related psychological behaviors in high school students in Chongqing municipality

目的了解重庆市中学生欺凌行为及自杀相关心理行为流行现状,探索不同受欺凌行为与自杀的关联性。方法于2019年11—12月采用分层整群随机抽样方法,在重庆市4个区县抽得8 276名初、高中生进行问卷调查。结果重庆市中学生受欺凌总发生率为9.63%,遭受言语欺凌、躯体欺凌、关系欺凌、性欺凌与网络欺凌的发生率分别为5.10%、2.04%、2.67%、4.10%与0.57%。自杀意念、自杀计划与自杀未遂的检出率分别为23.90%、10.58%与2.68%。控制相关混杂因素后,多因素logistic回归分析显示,受言语欺凌(OR=1.777)、躯体欺凌(OR=1.484)、关系欺凌(OR=1.802)、性欺凌(OR=1.676)均会增加自杀意念的发生风险(均P <0.05);受言语欺凌(OR=1.714)、关系欺凌(OR=1.970)、性欺凌(OR=1.724)均会增加自杀计划的发生风险(均P <0.05);受言语欺凌(OR=2.256)、躯体欺凌(OR=1.995)、网络欺凌(OR=3.190)均会增加自杀未遂的发生风险(均P <0.05)。结论中学生受欺凌是自杀相关心理行为的重要影响因素,应积极治理校园欺凌,推动自杀相关行为的防控。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of bullying victimization and suicidal psychological behavior and to explore the correlation between different bullying victimization and suicidal behaviors among high school students in Chongqing municipality. Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling and a self-designed questionnaire, we conducted a survey among 8 276 junior and senior high school students in 4 districts and counties in Chongqing municipality during November – December 2019. Results The participants reported an incidence rate of 9.63% for total bullying victimization during past 30 days and the reported incidence rates were 5.10%, 2.04%, 2.67%, 4.10%, and 0.57% for verbal,physical, relational, sexual, and cyber bullying victimization, respectively. The reported prevalence rates were 23.90%,10.58% and 2.68% for suicide ideation, plan and attempt during previous 12 months. After controlling for potential confounding variables, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that following victimizations were significant risk factors for different suicidal psychological behaviors: verbal bullying for suicidal ideation/plan/attempt(odds ratio [OR] =1.777/1.714/2.256, all P < 0.05);physical bullying for suicidal ideation/attempt(OR = 1.484/1.995, both P < 0.05);relational bullying for suicidal ideation/plan(OR = 1.802/1.970, both P < 0.05);sexual bullying for suicidal ideation/plan(OR =1.676/1.724 both P < 0.05);and cyber bullying for suicide attempt(OR = 3.190, P < 0.05). Conclusion School bullying victimization is an important factor for suicide-related psychological behaviors and should be actively managed among high school students.