2016年长江沿岸小龙虾相关横纹肌溶解综合征调查

Incidence of crayfish-related rhabdomyolysis syndrome in some regions along Yangtze River, 2016

目的了解2016年长江沿岸小龙虾相关横纹肌溶解综合征的流行病学特征。方法运用现场流行病学方法,对2016年安徽、江苏、湖北等长江沿岸的省份的横纹肌溶解综合征病例811例进行调查,分析其流行病学特征。结果长江沿岸城市的病例临床特征均以肌肉酸痛、乏力、消化系统疼痛为主要临床症状,肌酸激酶(CK)值以5倍升高为主(84%);人群分布以女性为主(559人,69.3%),20~49岁所占比例在70%以上(78.1%),回顾性队列研究发现,食用小龙虾、虾黄、喝酒是患病的危险因素。病例的进食小龙虾溯源调查发现,病例进食小龙虾的地点主要在家庭,在家食用小龙虾来源的分布则主要以野外捕捞为主。结论2016年长江沿岸小龙虾相关横纹肌溶解综合征病例的发病和食用小龙虾存在因果关联性,应加强对小龙虾相关病例的监测。

Objective To investigate epidemiological characteristics of crayfish-related rhabdomyolysis(RM) syndrome in regions along Yangtze River in 2016. Methods We conducted a field epidemiologic survey on 811 RM cases reported in Anhui, Jiangsu and Hubei province along Yangtze River during 2016 to analyze clinical and prevalence characteristics of the disease. Results Of all the cases, 69.3% were female and 78.1% were aged between 20 and 49 years. Main symptoms of the cases were muscle ache, fatigue and digestive disorder-induced pain;five times increased serum creatine kinase(CK) was detected among 84.0% of the cases. Retrospective surveys found that consumption of crayfish, shrimp offal, and alcohol were risk factors for the incidence of the disease. The incidences occurred mainly at home and the crayfish consumed by the cases were mainly from wild fishing. Conclusion There is a causal correlation between the incidence of rhabdomyolysis syndrome and crayfish in some regions along Yangtze River in 2016, suggesting that monitoring on crayfish eating-related diseases should be strengthened.