肝性胸水临床研究进展与挑战

Advances and challenges in clinical research on hepatic hydrothorax

肝性胸水(HH)是肝硬化与门静脉高压相关的一种极具挑战性的并发症,其发生机制及治疗措施仍不完全明确。总结评述了HH的发病机制、临床表现、诊断治疗等方面最新研究进展与挑战,并提供一个多学科的治疗策略,包括减少腹水的产生、防止积液进入胸腔、胸腔积液清除、胸膜腔闭塞和肝移植5部分,以期为更多临床医生提供参考。

Hepatic hydrothorax(HH)is a challenging complication of liver cirrhosis associated with portal hypertension,and its pathogenesis and therapeutic measures remain unknown.This article summarizes and reviews the advances and challenges in the research on the pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,and treatment of HH and proposes a multidisciplinary treatment strategy,including reducing the production of ascites,preventing effusion from entering the thoracic cavity,removing pleural effusion,occluding the pleural cavity,and performing liver transplantation,so as to provide a reference for more clinicians.