中国职业紧张反应量表编制

Development of an Occupational Strain Scale for Chinese workers

目的编制职业紧张反应量表,评价其信效度。方法采用文献回顾、半结构式访谈、专家咨询、人群预调查等方法形成初始量表。在四川省成都、绵阳、南充、眉山、乐山5座城市的10所特定单位抽取2191名在职人员,对其职业紧张情况进行分析。将样本随机分为两部分,样本1(n=1096)采用探索性因素分析等方法筛选条目;样本2(n=1095)用于信、效度检验,采用验证性因素分析检验效度,采用克朗巴赫系数和折半系数评价信度。结果正式量表包括认知行为紧张反应、心理紧张反应、躯体紧张反应3个维度15个条目,可解释总变异的68.796%。验证性因素结果表明,三因素模型拟合良好(χ^(2)=3.894,NFI=0.969,CFI=0.977,IFI=0.977,TLI=0.971,RMSEA=0.051)。总量表的Cronbachα系数为0.935,各分量表α系数在0.789~0.923之间;总量表的折半系数为0.863,各分量表折半系数在0.766~0.898之间,表明该量表具有较好的信度。结论该量表具有良好的信效度,可以用来测量中国职业紧张反应情况。

Objective To develop an Occupational Strain Scale for Chinese employees and to evaluate its reliability and validity.Methods An initial scale was developed based on literature reviews,semi-structured interviews,Delphi expert consultation and a pilot survey.Then the complied scale was self-administered online among 2432 in-service employees sampled at 10 domestic enterprises and institutions in 5 cities of Sichuan province during March 2019.Valid information were collected from 2191 responders;of them,1096 were assessed for exploratory factor analysis and other process for item screening and 1095 were assessed for the scale’s reliability and validity analysis.Confirmatory factor analysis was adopted in validity test and Cronbach’αand split-half reliability were used in reliability evaluation.Results The established scale included 15 items for cognitive behavioral,psychological and physical strain,which could explain 68.796%of total variance of the scale.The results of confirmatory factors analysis demonstrated that the three-domain model fitted well(χ;=3.894,normed fit index=0.969,comparative fit index=0.977,incremental fit index=0.977,Tucker-Lewis index=0.971,root mean square error of approximation=0.051).The Cronbachαcoefficient was 0.935 for the general scale and ranged 0.789–0.923 for the 3 subscales.The split-half reliability coefficient was 0.863 for the general scale,and ranged 0.766–0.898 for the 3 subscales.Conclusion The developed Occupational Strain Scale is of good reliability and validity and could be applied for measurement of occupational strain in Chinese working populations.