甘肃省裕固族成年女性骨质疏松患病情况及影响因素分析

Prevalence and influencing factors of osteoporosis in Yugur adult women in Gansu province:a cross-sectional survey

目的了解甘肃省裕固族绝经女性和20~80岁女性骨质疏松症患病率及影响因素,分析生化指标与骨密度的关系。方法于2016年7—8月采用分层整群抽样方法,在甘肃省肃南裕固族自治县对960名20~80岁常住裕固族女性居民进行问卷调查、实验室检测和体格检查,并进行跟骨骨密度检测,采用多因素logistic回归分析骨质疏松症影响因素,多重线性回归分析生化指标与骨密度的关系。结果在应答的929名调查对象中,裕固族绝经女性、20~80岁女性骨质疏松患病率(标化率)分别为27.64%(23.53%)、13.99%(12.78%),随年龄增大骨质疏松患病率呈上升趋势(χ_(绝经)^(2)=31.664,χ_(20-80岁)^(2)=114.576,均P<0.05)。回归分析发现,绝经女性的婚姻状态、绝经年限、握力,20~80岁女性的年龄、文化程度、既往骨折史及握力是骨质疏松症的影响因素。绝经女性和20~80岁女性的碱性磷酸酶与骨密度均呈负相关(β_(绝经)=-0.003,β_(20-80岁)=-0.004,均P<0.05)。结论甘肃省裕固族绝经女性和20~80岁女性骨质疏松症患病率较低,随着年龄的增加患病率有上升趋势;年龄、绝经年限、既往骨折史是骨质疏松症主要危险因素;碱性磷酸酶可以作为骨密度降低的预测因子。

Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of osteoporosis and to analyze the relationship between biochemical indicators and bone mineral density among Yugur menopausal women and adult women(aged 20-80 years)in Gansu province.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling,we recruited 960 Yugur female residents aged 20-80 years in Su'nan Yugu Autonomous County,Gansu province and conducted a questionnaire survey,laboratory test and physical examination including calcaneal bone mineral density detection in the women during July-August 2016.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze associates of osteoporosis prevalence and multivariate linear regression was adopted to assess the relationship between biochemical indicators and bone density.Results For the 929 participants with complete information,the crude and standardized prevalence rate of osteoporosis was 27.64%and 23.53%and those were 13.99%and 12.78%for the menopausal participants,respectively.The prevalence rate of osteoporosis increased significantly with age among all the participants(χ;=114.576)and the menopausal participants(χ;=31.664)(both P<0.05).The results of logistic regression analysis revealed that for menopausal women,the influencing factors of osteoporosis prevalence included marital status,menopause duration,and grip strength;while for adult women,the influencing factors included age,education,fracture history,and grip strength.Alkaline phosphatase was reversely correlated with bone mineral density significantly in menopausal women(β=-0.003)and in the women aged 20-80 years(β=-0.004)(both P<0.05).Conclusion Among Yugur menopausal women and 20-80 years old women in Gansu province,the prevalence rate of osteoporosis is relatively low and increases with age;the main risk factors of osteoporosis prevalence include age,duration of menopause and fracture history;alkaline phosphatase is a predictor for bone density reduction in the women.