潘诺夫斯基图像学中的人文主题

The Humanistic Themes in Pannofsky’s Iconology

潘诺夫斯基研究文艺复兴艺术中的“人文”主题是从那些取材于古代神话的叙事性图像着手的。他认为这类图像的主题表达了人文主义观念“世界和人的发现”。潘诺夫斯基从事的图像“主题”研究,偏重于图像的符号功能,而非造型功能。他认为图像不是模仿之物,而是一种符号形式,与其他的符号形式,哲学、文学等共同建构了文化史。综合阐释图像,分析人类精神的自由创造,应是作为人文学科艺术史的要务。尽管潘诺夫斯基不赞成把文艺复兴与中世纪割裂开来看待,他小心翼翼论述艺术母题在古典时代、中世纪、文艺复兴之间的延续与变化,但是,他对文艺复兴时期艺术人文主题的阐述,还是有历史主义“宏大叙事”之弊。

Panofsky’s studies on"humanistic themes"in the art of the Renaissance was based on the narrative images drawn from ancient myths.He believed that the theme of such images expressed the humanistic concept of"the discovery of the world and of man".Panofsky’s research on image theme focused on the symbolic function of image rather than function of modeling.He thought that image was not an imitation,but a symbol form,which constructed the cultural history together with other symbol forms,philosophy,literature and so on.The task of art history as a humanistic discipline included interpreting the image synthetically and analyzing the free creation of human spirit.Although Panofsky was not in favor of the separation of the Renaissance and the Middle ages,he carefully discussed the continuity and change of the artistic motif between the Antique era,the Middle ages and the Renaissance,his exposition on the humanistic themes of the Renaissance still had the disadvantage of the“grand narrative”of historicism.